Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt, PO 41522
2
Botany and Microbiology department, faculty of science , suez canal university, Ismailia, Egypt, PO 41522
3
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
4
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ismailia, Egypt, PO. 41522
Abstract
May 2024 has been recorded as the hottest May in history, with global temperatures averaging 1.18 degrees Celsius above the 20th-century norm, marking the twelfth consecutive month of unprecedented heat. This review aims to present a comprehensive analysis of the data pertaining to this record-breaking month. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), May 2024 was the warmest May in their 175-year global record. Most of the world's land masses experienced above-average temperatures, with notable exceptions in eastern Antarctica, western Russia, southern South America, Greenland, and western North America. The persistence of elevated temperatures highlights the ongoing impacts of climate change, necessitating urgent action to mitigate its effects on ecosystems and human health. In Africa, May 2024 was recorded as the warmest month ever. The exceptionally high ocean temperatures that began in April 2023 persisted for a record 14 months, concluding in May 2024. While sea surface temperatures were below average in certain areas of the Southern and Southeast Pacific, as well as the Southern Indian Ocean basins, most other regions experienced above-average temperatures, particularly in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. Following Africa, Europe recorded the third warmest May, with North America in fifth place, South America in eleventh, Asia in ninth, and Oceania in sixth. According to the latest climate bulletin from the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), the global average temperature for May 2024 was 1.52°C higher than the pre-industrial average for 1850-1900. This marked the average global temperature was 1.63°C higher than the pre-industrial average and 0.75°C higher than the average from 1991–2020, solidifying this period as the warmest on record. The review provides a comprehensive account of the record-breaking temperatures observed in May 2024, examining their extensive impacts on climate, ecosystems, and economies. It also highlights the critical consequences of rising global temperatures and outlines global initiatives aimed at addressing the climate crisis.
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