Egyptian Society for Environmental SciencesCatrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences1687-505221120200601Comparative analysis of five Heliotropium species in phenotypic correlations, biochemical constituents and antioxidant properties189294910.21608/cat.2020.19477.1034ENDeya El-deenRadwanBiology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, KSA; Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, EgyptAhmedEl-ShabasyBiology department-Faculty of Science-Jazan university-KSAJournal Article20191113Abstract: <br /> This study aims to compare five species of <em>Heliotropium</em> collected from Jazan region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This comparison was carried out on basis of morphology, pigments content, proteins, total phenolics, flavonoids as well as their antioxidant activity. According to similarity matrix and cluster analysis, <em>H</em>. <em>longiflorum</em> and <em>H</em>. <em>zeylanicum</em> were closely related while <em>H</em>. <em>pterocarpum</em> and <em>H</em>. <em>zeylanicum</em> were distantly related species. The variation in pigments content of the five studied species of <em>Heliotropium</em> was obvious. <em>H</em>. <em>zeylanicum</em> recorded the highest content of pigments while <em>H</em>. <em>bacciferum</em> was the lowest. Moreover, <em>H</em>. <em>jizanense</em> and <em>H</em>. <em>pterocarpum</em> had almost similar pigments content. Proteins, phenolics and flavonoids showed noticeable variation among the tested species. In other words, <em>H</em>. <em>zeylanicum</em> and <em>H</em>. <em>bacciferum</em> had the highest contents of proteins, phenolics and flavonoids and <em>H</em>. <em>jizanense</em> had lowest and the difference was significant. Meanwhile, the total antioxidant activity was variable among species. Higher antioxidant activity was detected in <em>H</em>. <em>zeylanicum</em> (93%) and <em>H</em>. <em>bacciferum</em> (84%) while <em>H</em>. <em>pterocarpum</em> (34.5%).<br /> https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_92949_bcc2093323666fc4a066257a18a95bef.pdfEgyptian Society for Environmental SciencesCatrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences1687-505221120200601Effects of synthesized silver and chitosan nanoparticles using Nerium oleander and Aloe vera on antioxidant enzymes in Musca domestica9149297610.21608/cat.2020.20921.1036ENRawhia HassanRamadanEntomology, faculty of science, Benha university, Cairo, EgyptAblaAbdel-MeguidEntomology, faculty of science, Benha university, Egypt0000-0002-8303-0170ManarEmaraEntomology, faculty of science, Benha university, EgyptJournal Article20191214Green synthesis of silver and chitosan nanoparticles have been achieved using <em>Nerium</em>.<em>oleander</em> and <em>Aloe</em> <em>vera</em> leaf extract as reducing agents. The formation of nanoparticles was quantified by UV-vis spectroscopy of wave length from 200-700. TEM, XRD and FTIR were used for characterization. The present investigation was carried out to assess the activity of antioxidant enzymes, SOD, CAT, GPx and GST in third instar larvae of <em>Musca</em> <em>domestica</em> under the effect of methanol leaf extract, synthesized silver and chitosan nanoparticles and the LC<sub>50</sub> was used for biochemical assay. The activity of antioxidant enzymes in <em>M</em>. domestica larvae were varied with the time where an increase in SOD activity was recorded after 24hrs in methanol extract and AgNPs treated larvae, then decreased again after 48hrs. In CsNPs treated larvae, SOD induced a continuously decreased activity at all times of investigation. CAT activity followed the same trend of SOD. After 48hrs of treatment the activity of GPs was significantly decreased in all treated groups, at 1% and 5% level of significance in larvae treated with chitosan <em>Nerium </em>and chitosan <em>A</em>. <em>vera</em>, respectively. After an increase in GST activity at 24hrs, a decrease was noticed after 48hrs. From the present study, the use of <em>N</em>. <em>oleander</em> and <em>A</em>. <em>vera</em> as methanol crude extracts to synthesize silver and chitosan nanoparticles could be a new approach for the control of house flies.https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_92976_ea6419795f45a94d7f14afe03ea130f2.pdfEgyptian Society for Environmental SciencesCatrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences1687-505221120200601Isolation and identification new bacterial strains isolated from different sources of Al-Rafidiyah oil field in Iraq15229300710.21608/cat.2020.23299.1041ENAsaad FarajHamzahTechnical institute of Basrah ,Southern technical university ,Basrah ,IraqWijdan HusseinAbd-AlsahibBiology , Collage of science ,Universiyt of Basrah,IraqSaad ShakirMahdibiology ,collage of science, university of Basrah,IraqJournal Article20200201Abstract<br /> In this study, twenty two pure bacterial strains isolates were isolated that can use crude oil as a carbon source. They occured at different frequency ratios for each of oil-contaminated soil samples, the produced water, and the crude oil of the Al-Rafidiyah oil field (Basrah south of Iraq). Bacterial isolates were characterized and identified based on phenotypic properties and molecular techniques. Fourteen strains, belonging to three genera of <em>Bacillus</em> sp., <em>Lysinibacillus</em> sp. and <em>Enterobacter</em> sp., were isolated from oil-contaminated soil and nine strains, belonging to <em>Bacillus</em> sp., <em>Lysinibacillus</em> sp., <em>Enterobacter</em> sp. and <em>Brevibacillus</em> sp., were isolated from produced water. Five strains, belonging to two genera, <em>Bacillus</em> sp. and <em>Pseudomonas</em> sp., were isolated from crude oil. New twelve strains were recorded as new strains and deposited in GenBank include <em>Bacillus cereus </em>strain ASWISA1, <em>Bacillus</em> <em>thuringiensis</em> strain ASWISA2, <em>Bacillus sonorensis</em> strain ASWISA3, Bacillus cereus strain ASWISA4, <em>Bacillus</em> <em>subtilis</em> strain ASWISA5, <em>Pseudomonas</em> <em>stutzeri</em> strain ASWISA6, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> strain ASWISA7, <em>Bacillus cereu</em>s strain ASWISA8, Bacillus paramycoides strain ASWISA9, <em>Bacillus paramycoides</em> strain ASWISA10, <em>Brevibacillus brevis</em> strain ASWISA11, and <em>Enterobacter cloacae</em> strain ASWISA12.https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_93007_c7fda1db6712c716402c74c1e62b61a2.pdfEgyptian Society for Environmental SciencesCatrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences1687-505221120200601Monitoring for the abundance and distribution of phytoplankton along the hypersaline Bardawil Lagoon, in Northern Sinai, Egypt (Multivariate Analysis Approach)23369301910.21608/cat.2020.27080.1049ENJelanMofeedAquatic Environment Department, Faculty of Fisheries, Suez University, Suez, EgyptJournal Article20200401Bardawil Lagoon is a source of wildlife and high-quality fish, so, it is imperative that it should be subject to continuous monitoring of both water quality and the phytoplankton composition. Samples were collected from ten sites representing different habitats of the lagoon, from summer 2017 to spring 2018. The water properties were determined; noticeable low concentrations of dissolved inorganic nutrients were recorded. A total of 106 species belonging to six groups were recorded, among them Bacillariophyta (69 species) and Dinophyta (26 species). The obtained results clarify that Bacillariophytes prevailed in the eastern sites of Bardawil; on the contrary, Dinophytes occupied the sovereignty in the western sites of the lagoon. The most abundant Bacillariophytes were <em>Licmophora gracilis</em>, <em>Gyrosigma acuminatum</em>, <em>Fragilaria construens</em>, and <em>Nitzschia sigmoidea</em>; which formed more than 50% of total abounded diatoms. While, <em>Protoperidinium leonis</em>, <em>Prorocentrum gracile</em> and <em>Protoperidinium granii</em> were the dominant Dinophytes, giving it maximum at El-Rewak. From reviewing previous studies on the lagoon, it becomes clear that the phytoplankton composition varied widely from previously recorded, including the dominant species and their rates of sovereignty, which reflected economically on its fish productivity. Besides, the water quality in Bardawil fluctuated from slightly-polluted to moderately-polluted according to the diversity index, as a result of the recent, noticeable increase in human activities, especially fishing, which will be in turn reflected in the environment. Therefore, continuous follow-up through ecological assessment and monitoring studies of Bardawil became an urgent necessity.https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_93019_7fcd1db986e2f6ae5713adeef4e31a38.pdfEgyptian Society for Environmental SciencesCatrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences1687-505221120200601Biocidal effect of Ergosterol-Propyl Ester Isolated From Ruta angustifolia (Pers.) on Spodopetra littoralis (Boisd.)37459315610.21608/cat.2020.21801.1039ENMohamed GamalSalamaZoology Department , Faculty of Science,Suez canal University , Ismalia Egypt.Hala M.MeadPest Physiology Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., GizaHend M.SabryPest Physiology Department, Plant Protection Research Institute, A.R.C., GizaAhmed H. A.Abo-GhaliaZoology Department - Faculty of science, Suez Canal UniversityFayez M. M.SemidaZoology Department - Faculty of science, Suez Canal UniversityJournal Article20200101The toxic effects of some Ruta angustifolia extracts as a bio agent to control Spodoptera littoralis were investigated. Based on LC50 values, the acetonic extract was more effective than hexane and ethyl alcoholic ones. Ergosterol-propyl ester was isolated from the acetonic crud extract by thin layer chromatography and identified using Infra-Red spectrophotometer, Mass Spectrum and evaluated as a fraction for its larvicidal, biological, ultrastructure and biochemical effects on 4th instar S. littoralis larvae. The most prominent biological effects were presented as: prolongation in the total larval duration and a decrease in the percentages of survived larvae. The adult emergence percentages, longevity, fecundity, hatchability were significantly decreased compared to controls. Also, some deformation symptoms were recorded in larvae, pupae and adults. The ultrastructure alterations in S. littoralis 4th instar larvae were observed in cuticle microfilament in muscle myofilaments compared to control. Biochemical responses of the 4th instar S. littoralis larva has a decreas in the activities of both ALT and chitinase and elevation in AST of supernatant S. littoralis larvae compared to control.https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_93156_5e0ba5999a342a0f854ddc9d1cf3c2e1.pdfEgyptian Society for Environmental SciencesCatrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences1687-505221120200601Coproscopy a Premordial Diagnostic Tool in Avian Parasitology47529316810.21608/cat.2020.23243.1040ENAmineBerghicheSouk Ahras University
Cit&eacute; El Amir Abd Elkader Taoura0000-0001-6355-3591Journal Article20200130Parasitic diseases are a problem that affects all poultry farms, whether large commercial or small backyard farms, where economic losses can be significant due to parasites in poultry; a survey on intestinal parasites of chickens was carried out in the Souk Ahras region over a period of 6 months. <br /> The faeces of a total of 90 chickens from different farm types were examined by flotation to determine gastrointestinal parasites. <br /> The results obtained from these chickens showed that the faeces examined were 100 % infected for the different types of farms; the qualitative analysis shows a flocculation of helminths and protozoa’s oocytes across the different farms with the following percentage of infection: broiler chicken (Ascaridia: 50%; Heterakis: 35%; Eimeria: 15%), the laying hen (Ascaridia: 33.33%; Heterakis: 33.33%; coccidial oocysts: 33.34%) and the local chiken (Ascaridia: 40%; Heterakis: 35%; Eimeria: 15%; Syngamus: 5%; Capillaria: 5%). <br /> It is suggested that an intensive poultry management system and regular chicken control should be encouraged in the study area.https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_93168_80cf7ddb8c3b04a803966ba76c3a5497.pdfEgyptian Society for Environmental SciencesCatrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences1687-505221120200601Pretreatment of High Organic Load Dairy Industry Wastewater by Chemical Coagulation and Advanced Oxidation Processes53609417210.21608/cat.2020.94172ENMervat AEl-SonbatiDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt.0000-0003-4624-816XOmnyaEl-BattrawyEnvironmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta university,New Damietta, EgyptEbtsamElawadlyEnvironmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, EgyptTalaatHegazyEnvironmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, EgyptJournal Article20200311This study aims to characterize the dairy industry wastewater and evaluate the efficiency of chemical coagulation and advanced oxidation process (AOPs) as pretreatment techniques. A composite sample was collected from diary industry plant at New Damietta City on March 2018 and characterized for some physicochemical parameters to check the pollution potential of the effluents. Due to the high content of total suspended solids, chemical coagulation/precipitation process using lime, alum/lime and alum/polyacrylamide was applied for pretreatment of the collected sample and the optimum conditions were determined. Moreover, chemical coagulation using alum/lime followed by AOPs with Fenton’s reagent was also assessed. The results showed that the concentration of COD is 112000 mg/L while for BOD is 78000 mg/L. In addition, the removal percentage of oil and grease, COD, total phosphorous (TP) and total Khejdal (TKN) by Fenton’s reaction after treatment with alum-lime are 86, 85, 99.35 and 99.03 %, respectively compared with that achieved by alum-lime (86.82, 73.11, 91.8 and 54.93 %, respectively). It was concluded that combining chemical coagulation/precipitation and AOPs was effective for the pretreatment of high organic load dairy wastewater.https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_94172_f2f48e60035fa1c930e8bfe16d3b9903.pdfEgyptian Society for Environmental SciencesCatrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences1687-505221120200601Benthic fauna and microbial communities as a bio-indicator for the characteristics of the marine environment in the Suez Bay , Red Sea , Egypt.61739472110.21608/cat.2020.24899.1043ENAishaBelalAssociate Professor National institute of oceanography and fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.0000-0003-2744-0367MahmoudKelanyResearcher at National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.0000-0002-3049-4529AhmedElgendyResearcher at National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.MoazHamedResearcher at National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt.0000-0002-2608-085XJournal Article20200229Environmental variables were measured with benthic fauna and bacterial organisms to assess water quality and sediments in the Suez Bay. A total of 62 species belonging to five taxonomic groups (Polychaeta, Mollusca, Crustacea, Echinodermata and Urochordata) were collected from benthic fauna at thirteen stations extending from Summer (2019) to Winter (2020) along the intertidal zone of the Suez Bay. Polychaeta accounted for 38.71% and 47.3% of the total number of species and individuals, respectively. While, Urochordata represented by one species and 50 indivi./m². In the Suez Bay, bacterial populations are present in the water with an annual density of 21598 cfu / 100ml with an average of 1661.4. At the same time they are present in the sediments with a numerical density of 16331 cfu / g with an average of 1256.23. Dissolved oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of tested samples ranged between 3.2 - 6.45 mgO2/l ; 0.995 -2.298 mg/l ; 2.298- 4.69 mg/l , respectively. This investigations revealed that, with the exception of the alien ; dominant and adherent rocks species (Spirobranchus kraussii and Brachidontes pharaonis), microbial components tend to increase their dominance, while bottom organisms were reduced during the entire study period. In addition ,this study indicated that there is a direct relationship with both salinity, dissolved oxygen and macro-benthic invertebrates, and at the same time there is an inverse relationship between them and bacterial counts, indicating thus a predominant effect of anthropogenic activities in the coastal area of Suez Bay.https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_94721_6e828737390bcc0409138278c5e5a666.pdfEgyptian Society for Environmental SciencesCatrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences1687-505221120200601Potential Effects of Heavy Metals Bioaccumulation on Oxidative stress Enzymes of Mediterranean clam Ruditapes decussatus75829710310.21608/cat.2020.24051.1042ENGamal Abd El-FattahGabrDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, KSA;
Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptMostafa FathiMasoodDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University (Assiut-Egypt);
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaEman HashemRadwanDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Egypt.Khalid HashemRadwanAgricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agric. Res. Center, Giza, EgyptAml ZakiGhoenimDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, EgyptJournal Article20200306The bivalves have capability to accumulate the toxicant substances as heavy metals in their body tissues, therefore, they might be used as a good bio-indicators of water contamination. The present work aimed to measure the concentration of Cd, Cu, Pb, Mn, and Zn in the soft tissues of Ruditapes decussatus which collected between December 2018 and February 2019 from two sites of Mediterranean Sea. One from Alexandrian Port (Site I) and the other from Port Said (Site II), Egypt, as well as to estimate the potential physiological change of the clam affected by these pollutants. Samples from Site I gives comparatively higher water salinity and metals concentration in soft tissues. The statistical analysis shows significant increase in the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase were found decreased in the R. decussatus soft tissue collected from Site I. The correlation coefficient of physicochemical parameters, heavy metals and oxidative stress biomarkers in Site I shows that glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase have positive correlation with acetylcholinesterase (r=0.912) and (r=0.929), respectively. SOD, on the other hand, was having negative correlation with MDA (r= -0.886). The reported values in this study are considered as basic data in monitor of the anthropogenic activities in future along the coast, as well as it is starter point in assessment of pollution that maybe effect on the aquatic organisms in the Mediterranean marine environment.https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_97103_a34015bf91bf2656ec7533df66c40597.pdfEgyptian Society for Environmental SciencesCatrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences1687-505221120200601The Effect of Atmospheric Oxygen on the Emission of Volatile Organic Compounds from Contaminated Sites83889757510.21608/cat.2020.21724.1038ENArthur NNwachukwuDepartment of Physics, Faculty of Science, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-AlikeBassey EEphraimDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, NigeriaNKechinyere VioletNwachukwuDepartment of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, NigeriaClementina UkamakaUwaDepartment of Biology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State, NigeriaJournal Article20191230Time series datasets have been used to study the variability in Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) concentration and the effect of atmospheric Oxygen (O2) on their emission from a VOC contaminated site in the US. The datasets were logged by means of an in-borehole gas monitor, the Gasclam (Ionscience, UK). Graphical illustrations of the data show both the VOC concentration and O2 to be temporally variable. However, to determine how much control O2 has on the variability in VOC concentration, Regression Analysis was used. The result shows VOC concentration and O2 to have negative correlations of 0.7134, 0.0058, 0.4558, 0.4105, 0.8162, 0.0982 in boreholes A, C, E, G, I, K respectively. This analysis shows O2 to be the dominant control on the variability in and therefore emission of VOC concentration two (A and I) of the six monitored boreholes in this site. Being the only borehole with the highest negative R2 value, borehole I was reanalysed and the R2 considered over different periods of rising and falling limb O2 with the result showing that O2 was the dominant control on VOC concentrations during 90% of the entire monitoring period. The dominant controls in the variability of VOC concentration in the remaining boreholes need be determined. This is because, understanding their controls will help to predict how VOC concentration will change in future. Also, given that VOC can be dangerous even at trace concentrations; this site is recommended for remediation.https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_97575_26b97ea6f64e3e34a36bc1019519f5d5.pdf