Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Response of Pepper Plants (Capsicum annuum L.) to Foliar Spray with Fe, Mn, and Zn
1
5
EN
Abd El-Mohsen
El-Bassiony
Vegetation Research Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Zakaria
Fawzy
Vegetation Research Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
zakaria6eg@yahoo.co.uk
Maged
El-Nemr
Vegetation Research Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Samy
Shehata
Vegetation Research Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
Two field experiments were conduct during the two summer seasons of 2005 and 2006 at the
Experimental farm of the National Research Center at Nobaria (Behira Governorate) to investigated the
response of pepper plants cv. California wonder to foliar application of some micro-elements Fe, Mn,
and Zn. Results indicated that application of Fe 1 g/L + Mn 1 g/L + Zn 1 g/L treatment gave the
maximum tallest sweet pepper plants and gave the highest number of leaves and branches. The same
treatment gave the highest fresh and dry weights of leaves as well as gave the highest total yield.
Moreover, the highest values of N, P and K (%) were achieved using the mixture of Fe, Mn and Zn
treatment. However, the highest value of Fe and Mn (ppm) were true when used 2 g Fe/L in the first
and second seasons, respectively. The highest significant N, P and K (%) as well as Fe, Mn and Zn
were recorded by using (Fe 1 g/L, Mn 1 g/L, Zn 1 g/L) treatment.
Capsicum annuum L,foliar spray,Growth,iron,Manganise,pepper,zinc,yield
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18585.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18585_6cb898c1eb041df316269c483c1d07f9.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Study of Age, Growth and Some Population Dynamics Aspects of the Nile Cyprinidae Fish, Labeo niloticus, From the River Nile at El-Kanater El-Khyria, Egypt
7
21
EN
Midhat
El-Kasheif
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Cairo, Egypt
drmidhat-elkasheif@yahoo.com
Mohammad
Authman
Department of Hydrobiology, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Seham
Ibrahim
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
In the present work, certain biological characteristics of Labeo niloticus (Forsskål, 1775) of the main
course of the River Nile at EL-Kanater EL-Khyria, Egypt were investigated during the period from
August 2003 to August 2005. The length-weight relationship was found to be: log W (gm) = -2.27765 +
3.18395 log L (cm) and the condition coefficient (K) was 1.03. Age determination using annual rings of
fish scales indicated that the longevity of this species reaches 6 years. The maximum increase in length
was noted in the first age group. The von Bertalanffy growth equation was computed as: Lt = 72.99 {1 –
e – 0.355(t + 0.1789)} where the asymptotic length (L∞) = 72.99 cm. Growth in length and weight were studied.
Reproductive cycle including gonadosomatic index and the size and age at first sexual maturity were
investigated. The body lengths at first sexual maturity (Lm50) and first capture (Lc) were equal to 32 cm.
Thus, it is recommended to prevent catching fish sizes less than 30 cm T.L. or 266.3 gm T.W. This is to
give at least one time for the mature fish to spawn and to recruit the fish stock. The total mortality rate was
73% yearly, whereas, the estimated values for natural and fishing mortality coefficients were 0.64 and
0.66, respectively. The exploitation rate of the fish stock was 0.51. For proper management, the present
level of exploitation rate should be reduced to maintain a sufficient spawning biomass. The length and
age at first capture as well as that at recruitment were found to be Lc = 32.0 cm, tc = 1.44 yr and Lr = 14.0
cm, tr = 0.42 yr, respectively. The growth performance of Labeo niloticus (φ = 3.28) was the highest in
comparison with other localities.
age and growth,Egypt,EL-Kanater EL-Khyria,Labeo niloticus,mortality,Population dynamics,Reproduction,River Nile
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18586.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18586_ecef49b22c6827acc5e59ea7abc82b75.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Geothermal Studies at Gebel El-Maghara Area, North Sinai, Egypt
23
32
EN
Mohamed
El-Nouby
Egyptian Geological Survey, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
Ahmed
Gaber
Biology and Geology of Sciences Department, Faculty of Education,
Suez Canal University, Port-Said, Egypt
ahmedgaber_881@hotmail.com
Geothermal studies were carried out at Gebel El-Maghara area at Wadi El-Safa, Wadi El-Murra, Wadi
El-Rakb, and Wadi El-Massajid, where continuous temperature logs were recorded within 40 coal and
groundwater exploration wells with depths ranging between 60 and 383 m. The obtained geothermal
parameters are; amplitude of surface temperature (A), mean surface temperature (MST), geothermal
gradient (GG), thermal conductivity (K), heat flow (Q), diffusivity (μ), and the regression coefficient
(R2). Regression analysis technique was used to estimate the geothermal gradient and the regression
coefficient, whereas, the thermal conductivity values of the penetrated rock units were used for
estimating the heat flow and diffusivity. Results of the geothermal studies exhibited that, there are three
types of geothermal gradients at Gebel El-Maghara area represented by low, normal, and high geothermal
gradients with values ranging between 25 and 39 ºC/Km. The surface temperatures obtained for the study
area range between 25 and 29 ºC and the heat flow values range between 54-89.7 mWm-². The formation
temperatures of the top of the coal bearing horizon, upper coal seam, and the main coal seam encountered
in the study area were calculated. Relatively high geothermal gradient occurs at Wadi El-Rakb according
to the presence of thick coal deposits and the structure controlling the area.
Gebel El-Maghara,Geothermal gradients,thermal conductivity,North Sinai
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18587.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18587_447f671bf36fcf175b7208b1f0d73e8a.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Effect of Foliar Application with Some Micronutrients, Ascorbic Acid and Vitamin B complex on Leaf Nutrients Content, Fruiting and Fruit Quality of Anna Apple Trees
33
37
EN
Salwa
Khafagy
Department of Fruit Research, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
skhafagy@hotmail.com
Anna apple trees of 15 years old budded onto MM 106 rootstock grown in clay soil, were sprayed during
2005 and 2006 seasons with Zn, Mn and Fe sulfate at 1.0% as well as Boric acid at 400 ppm, Ascorbic
acid at 1000 ppm and Vitamin B complex at 100 ppm. The trees received three sprays in March, April
and May. Leaf nutrient contents, fruiting and fruit quality parameters were recorded. Spraying with
FeSO4, Boric acid and Vitamin B complex increased leaf N and P. Also, all treatments under study
increased leaf Fe, Zn and Mn content while all tested treatments produced a considerable increase in fruit
set, yield number of fruits and fruit weight and decrease in fruit drop parameters. Generally, Boric acid,
Ascorbic acid and Vitamin B complex treatments were superior than the other treatments and control.
Meanwhile, spraying the trees with Ascorbic acid or Vitamin B complex was more effective in increasing
TSS, acidity, total sugar and starch as compared with the other used treatments and the control.
foliar application,Micronutrients,rootstock,leaf nutrients content,fruiting and fruit quality
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18588.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18588_88c431fd626fe6748146eb8f37e757bc.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Effect of Carbon Sources and Microelement Concentrations on in vitro Proliferation and Rooting of Pineapple (Ananas comosus)
39
43
EN
Nagwa
Zaied
Department of Fruit Research, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
hashaad@hotmail.com
The regenerated shoots of Pineapple (Ananas comosus Cv. Smooth Coyenne) during the establishment
stage were cultured individually on MS medium supplemented with BAP (2.0 mg/L) during the
proliferation stage and IBA (2.0 mg) during the rooting stage. Various sugars (glucose, fructose and
sucrose) and concentrations (0, 10, 20 and 30 mg/L) were tested. Copper and Boron microelements
concentrations were also tested. Data indicated that all sucrose treatments enhanced the proliferation and
rooting, however Glucose and fructose improved shoot length. Increasing copper sulfate to (0.05 mg/L)
produced the best proliferation. Meanwhile, Boric acid at the rate of 12.4 mg/L was the most suitable
concentration for improving rooting percentage.
Ananas cosus,carbon source,Microelements,proliferation
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18589.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18589_2b8bf9124972a722517f61a291a4201b.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Improving Washington Navel Orange Trees Productivity by Foliar Spray with Calcium Chloride, Calcium Nitrate and Calcium Chelate
45
49
EN
Mohamed
El Sheikh
Department of Horticultural Crops Technology, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Nagwa
Zaeid
Department of Fruit Research, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Salwa
Khafagy
Department of Fruit Research, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
skhafagy@hotmail.com
Nine years old Washington Navel Orange Trees grow on clayey soil at Ashmoun District, AlMenoufya
Governorate, Egypt; were sprayed with calcium chloride at 1, 2 and 3%, calcium nitrate at 1, 2 and 3%
and calcium chelate at 1000, 2000 and 3000ppm at 3 spraying dates; 15th of April, 15th of June and 15th of
August. Results indicated that spraying nutrients increased N, P, K and Ca content in leaves compared
with the untreated trees. Meanwhile, yield as number of fruits and number of fruits/tree were
significantly improved by spraying different nutrient especially when sprayed with calcium nitrate or
calcium chloride at 3%. Creasing and fruit cracking/trees were significantly decreased by spraying
calcium chloride at 3%. However fruit quality (physical and chemical characteristics) were significantly
improved by spraying different nutrient treatments at higher concentrations.
Washington Navel orange,foliar spray,Mineral content,yield and fruit quality,creasing,fruit cracking
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18590.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18590_a76cdec34f52deb6d27d239f7d006e42.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Conservation of Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana Populations in Southern Sinai, Egypt I- Genetic Diversity and Structure
51
60
EN
Mohamed
Zaghloul
0000-0003-4828-210X
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
zaghloul_mohamed@yahoo.com
James
Hamrick
Plant Biology Department, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
Abd El-Raouf
Moustafa
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
Acacia tortilis (Fabaceae) provides food and shelter for desert animals and is a major source of livestock
food and firewood for the native Bedouin people in Southern Sinai, Egypt. High mortality of established
individuals and low juvenile recruitment has been reported in recent years. As a result, this once common
tree has experienced local extinction and is now a species of conservation concern in the region. Sixteen
allozyme loci were used to examine regional genetic diversity within and among twelve natural
populations of A. tortilis selected to represent its geographic range in two large wadis in Southern Sinai,
Egypt. The results showed that regional genetic diversity for A. tortilis (He = 0.213) is high compared not
only to estimates for other tropical acacias but for plants generally. The majority (96%) of the genetic
variation occurs within populations indicating that historically this species experienced high rates of gene
flow over the geographic scale sampled. A UPGMA phenogram didn't match genetic distance among
populations with their geographic relationships. High historical rates of gene flow and the recent
fragmentation of once more continuous populations coupled with the longevity of these trees could
explain the results obtained.
Acacia tortilis,Sinai,conservation genetics,Genetic diversity
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18591.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18591_9a4cf6cca7a4aff1134b932c7c61b8e7.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
In vitro Studies and Antimicrobial Activities of Pereskia grandifolia Haworth var. grandifolia
61
66
EN
Rosna
Taha
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
rosna@um.edu.my
Fatimah
Abdol Latif
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
In vitro propagation was developed for the medicinal plant Pereskia grandifolia Haworth var. grandifolia
using axillary bud explants. Optimum multiplication of shoots was achieved on MS (Murashige and
Skoog, 1962) medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/l BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and 30.0 mg/l adenine.
Plants were maintained in vitro on MS medium while callus were induced on MS basal medium
supplemented with the combination of 5.0 mg/l BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and 5.0 mg/l NAA (α-
Naphthalene acetic acid). The antimicrobial tests were carried out using the crude extracts of this species
from in vitro callus and intact leaves. No difference was detected between crude methanol extract from
Pereskia grandifolia leaves and callus. The same extract failed to inhibit all gram positive and gram
negative bacteria growth; however, it inhibited the growth of fungi. Only dermatophytes fungi (without
spore) such as Microsporium canis and Trichophyton rubrum was inhibited with a medium and weak
strength of methanol extract. This extract did not inhibit the growth of dermatophytes fungi (with spore)
such as Aspergillus niger and Trichophyton mentagrophyte.
Pereskia grandifolia,Microsporium canis,Trichophyton rubru,Adenine,BAP,NAA,Callus
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18592.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18592_ad465b46f34fa691e4e4314180158dab.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Response of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) to Inoculation with Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria
67
75
EN
Samy
Abd El-Azeem
Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
sazeem1968@yahoo.com
Taha
Mehana
Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
Ahmed
Shabayek
Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
In the greenhouse, pot experiment was carried out to evaluate the response of faba bean (Vicia faba var.
Giza 429) to inoculation with 56 strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The used
PGPR strains were isolated from the rhizospheric soils of different field-grown crops in Suez Canal
region. The results showed that growth and yield of faba bean were stimulated by application of PGPR.
Average increases of biomass over the uninoculated control were 105.2, 31.9 and 56.8% for straw, seeds
and total yields, respectively. With 54 of the tested PGPR strains, an increase in the number of nodules
formed on the faba bean roots by indigenous rhizobia was observed. These increases were significant for
22 strains, ranging from 46.7% with Micrococcus luteus TK1 and Xanthobacter autotrophicus AM2 to
121.7% with Azospirillum brasilense AC1. All the tested isolates increased nodule dry weight, but only
23 isolates caused significant increase over the control ranging from 35.3% with Azospirillum brasilense
GO1 to 84.4% with Serratia liquefaciens GO2. The present study clearly showed that the tested PGPR
might have highly beneficial effects on growth and yield of faba bean under greenhouse conditions. Field
evaluation under different soils and environmental conditions should be undertaken before
generalizations of these PGPR for agricultural application.
Pot experiment,Vicia faba,rhizobacteria,root nodules,seed inoculation
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18593.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18593_f49f6515c77c5327d6c21216e730c8a5.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Micropropagation of Pelargonium sidoides
77
81
EN
Francis
Lewu
Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
Don
Grierson
Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
Anthony
Afolayan
Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
aafolayan@ufh.ac.za
Pelargonium sidoides is a medicinal plant harvested for local and export trades in South Africa. In order
to contribute to the conservation and propagation initiatives of the herb, a study on the micropropagation
of the plant was conducted. Our findings revealed that callus induction was achieved by using different
concentrations of IBA and 2,4-D. Optimal response was obtained at 3 mg l-1 IBA under continuous dark
condition. The study also showed that shoot differentiation is achievable from stem derived callus after
one week in hormone free media under continuous light. The percentage of callus formation ranged from
0 to 88.9% depending on the type of auxin used, the concentration and photogenic conditions.
Transferred plantlets by simple acclimatization procedure survived and produced healthy plants. The
significance of these on the propagation and conservation of P. sidoides is highlighted in the discussion.
callus induction,Eastern Cape,ex situ conservation,growth regulators,medicinal plants,micropropagation,Pelargonium sidoides,South Africa
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18594.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18594_b9f6a770bb3aa287d75d6fb1b1014aa5.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Species Diversity and Habitat Distribution of Fishes in Sharm El-Maiya Bay, Sharm El-Sheikh, Red Sea
83
90
EN
Magdy
Alwany
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
magdy.elalwany@yahoo.com
Mahmoud
Hanafy
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
Mohammed
Kotb
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
Ali
Gab-Alla
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
The fish assemblages of different habitats in Sharm El-Maiya Bay, Sharm El-Sheikh, Red Sea, were
examined by visual census technique. Fish communities were estimated for each different habitat (coral
patches, seagrasses, muddy substrate and coral reefs). A total of 155 fish species representing 98
genera were counted. Coral reef habitat had the highest number of species (146 species), while the
muddy habitat had the lowest number (6 species). The highest average abundance was recorded at coral
patch habitat (1014 fish/1000 m3), with the lowest value at muddy habitat (64 fish/1000 m3). Most
individuals belonged to the Mullidae, followed by the Pomacentridae, Chaetodontidae, Labridae,
Serranidae and Acanthuridae. The highest diversity of fishes was recorded on the coral reef areas. This
habitat has nearly all fish families (36 families). Sparidae and Mullidae were more abundant at seagrass
habitats inside the Sharm El-Maiya Bay more than other habitats. Corallivores were less abundant at
the seagrass and muddy habitats than on fringing coral reefs and coral patches. In general, both the
herbivores and invertebrate-feeder fishes are the most abundant in the Sharm El-Maiya Bay. They
represent 42.2 % of total fish population in the study area.
Fish abundance,habitats,diversity,Red Sea,Egypt
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18596.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18596_b594fccfd03851249ed08b11f967018e.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Domestic Birds as Carriers of Cryptococcus neoformans, the Main Cause of the Life Threatening Human Systemic Cryptococcosis
91
96
EN
M.
Abdel-Razik
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
m.abderazikl@yahoo.com
Samples of bird excreta including domestic pigeons were collected from farmer houses and aviary
shops in rural and urban areas of Ismailia. The collected samples were mycologically processed for the
occurrence of the pathogenic yeast, Cryptococcus neoformans. It was isolated mainly from pigeon
excreta and from only one sample of colored birds excreta collected from decorated colored bird's
shops. Pigeon excreta positive for Cryptococcus neoformans were suspended in sterilized phosphate
buffered saline then three different doses of the supernatant were interaperitoneally injected into groups
of experimental albino mice to assess its dissemination and the various pathological effects resulting
from systemic infection. Mainly, pulmonary and occasional meningeal lesions were evident in the
infected mice.
Cryptococcus neoformans,pigeon excreta,pulmonary,meningeal infection
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18597.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18597_9b3586fd4de3660eb6059aef24743f36.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2
1
2007
01
01
Isolation and Culture of Pineapple (Ananas comnosus) Protoplast
97
103
EN
Nabawi
Hagagy
Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
Mohamed
Mougheith
Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
Malaka
Saleh
National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Hassan
Gendiah
Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
Said
Mohamed
National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
Sayed
Hassan
National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
sayed_ebead@yahoo.com
In vitro full expended healthy leaves and sterilized in vivo leaves of pineapple (Ananas cv. smooth
cayenne) plants were taken and prepared under aseptic conditions as different sources of explants.
Also, different enzymes mixtures, incubation periods, osmotic pressure factors, shaking periods and
speeds were concerned in combination with explants sources during protoplast isolation stage. In
addition, sieve size and centerfugation speed were evaluated in combination with explants source
during purification stage. Moreover, medium type protoplast density, auxin/cytokinin concentration
ratio, and antibiotic were tested in combination with explants source during protoplast culturing. It is
found that in vitro and sterilized in vivo explants source succeeded in maximizing protoplast yield.
Also, using of enzymes mixture consists of 1.0% cellulase + 0.5% macerozyme was superior in
increasing protoplast yield Moreover, using of sucrose at rate of 13.6g /100ml as osmotic pressure
factor and incubation for 20 hours then, shaking for 15 min with speed rate 75 rpm succeeded in
enhancing the highest protoplast isolation of pineapple. Meanwhile, using of 25 μM pore size mesh
sieve and centrifugation at the rate of 1000rpm maximized protoplast purification. Moreover, culturing
of protoplast KAO and Michayluk medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/l NAA and 0.2 mg/l BAP as
well as the combination of antibiotic (0.4 mg/l Ampicilin + 0.1 g/l gentamycin + 0.1 g/l tetracycline)
and using protoplast density at the rate of 2.5 x 104 induced the best protoplast viability and
development of pineapple explants.
pineapple,tissue culture,cell division,protoplast isolation
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18600.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18600_8a9550f7cff60adb09a81e730d6587fa.pdf