Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Assessment of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Lymphocytes Cells in Chronic Hepatitis C, Chronic Hepatitis C– Associated Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients
1
7
EN
Mansour
J
Clinical Laboratory Department, El-Ghad Faculty for Health Science, Jeddah, KSA.
Amal
Abdel-Hai
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Mohamed
EL din
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Ahmed
E
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Samira
Mansour
0000-0001-8975-5335
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
samiramansour@hotmail.com
CD4+CD25+ regulatory T lymphocytes are a subset of circulating CD4+ T cells with suppressive
properties. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells suppress HCV-specific T cell responses and it has been
suggested that they may play a role in viral persistence. Our aim was to assess the frequency of
regulatory T cells in the different clinical presentations of hepatitis C virus infections in a chosen
Egyptian population. Peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells from patients with different
progression of HCV, was conducted and analyzed using flow cytometry. For each stage of HCV
progression, twenty patients (n=20) were subjected for analysis in comparison with normal healthy
control subjects (n=20). Results showed a significantly higher frequency of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T
cells in chronic HCV (3.0 ± 0.9%), HCV related liver cirrhosis (٣.٣±0.8%), HCV related-HCC (3.9
±1.6%), when compared to normal healthy controls (2.3 ±0.8%). No statistical significant differences
were found when comparing HCV related cirrhotic patients with chronic HCV infected patients
(P=0.95). Meanwhile, statistical significant differences were detected when comparing HCV related
HCC patients with chronic HCV patients (P=0.047). In conclusion, our results indicated the presence of
significant higher than normal frequency of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell among
Egyptian patients that may help to early detect the viral disease and open new field to find a way to
disease recovery or protection. Conversely, within different clinical presentation of hepatitis C virus
infection no significant differences were detected. Severity of liver affection was significantly
correlated with viral load.
Chronic hepatitis,Flow cytometry,Hepatitis C infection,Hepatitis associated cirrhosis,Hepatocellular carcinoma,liver disease,Regulatory T cells
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18430.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18430_c615dd9b88f69fb7ab5a42131c129d48.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Seasonal and Circadian Fluctuations of Human Intestinal Parasites in El-Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt
9
16
EN
Alaa El-Din
Sallam
Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
alaadin60@hotmail.com
Maha
Soliman
Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Khairi
Helal
Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Sabry
Ahmad
Zoology Dept., Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
The present study aims to monitor the incidence of human intestinal parasites and their seasonal
fluctuations in El-Dakahlia governorate. Human fecal specimens from 428 patients visiting Meet-
Ghamr general hospital were monthly collected during different sampling circadian time: morning,
afternoon and evening, throughout the period from 2007 to 2009. Microscopic examination was
performed using both direct smear and formalin-ether sedimentation techniques. Anti-Schistosoma
specific antibodies in sera of 279 patients were examined using indirect haemagglutination test.
The results demonstrated that the overall prevalence of eight identified intestinal parasites reached, in
a descending order,Entamoebahistolytica (52.34%), Schistosomamansoni (37.63%),
Ascarislumbricoides (26.86%), Hymenolepis nana (16.35%), Giardia lamblia (5.14%),
Enterobiusvermicularis (3.73%), Trichuristrichiura (0.46%), and Trichomonashominis (0.23%).
Highest prevalence was recorded for E. histolytica(87.80%) and G. lamblia (14.63%) during summer,
whereas for S. mansoni(73.08%) andA. lumbricoides (36.62%) during autumn, and for H.nana
(22.07%) during winter. Highest incidence was observed in the morning samples for
S.mansoni(38.27%). Meanwhile, evening samples demonstrated highest incidence for E. histolytica
(75.41%) and A. lumbricoides(36.07%). A marked sex-related difference regarding the infection
prevalence was found. Moreover, most of the parasitic infections were the highest in age <=10
years.In conclusion, sampling at a definite circadian time and in a proper month will precisely
indicate the parasite prevalence rate. This will consequently optimize monitoring and controlling of
the parasite community.
seasonal,circadian,Intestinal parasites,prevalence,El-Dakahlia governorate
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18433.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18433_20385d903a4fba6afd712d925894aa3a.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Population structure and reproductive biology of the bristle crab Halimede tyche (Herbst, 1801) (Brachyura: Pilumnidae) in Great Bitter Lakes, Suez Canal, Egypt
17
24
EN
Nesreen
Ibrahim
Marine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia – Egypt
kadry1339@yahoo.com
The population structure and reproductive biology of crab Halimede tyche (Herbst, 1801) in Bitter lakes
were studied. Crabs were monthly sampled during the period from January to December 2009. A total of
443 crabs were sampled, of them 249 were males (53.5 %), 138 non-ovigerous females (29.7 %), and 78
ovigerous females (16.8 %). Males were found to be larger than females. The overall males: females sex
ratio estimated 1:1.2. The male of Halimede tyche attained 30.7 mm at first maturity, while female was
24.5 mm in size. The gonado-somatic indices of males were higher than that of females. Spawning
season in both sexes extended from May to August. An increase in oocyte diameter was recorded in
April (280 μm) and continued to reach the maximum value in June with an average of 397 μm. The
absolute fecundity ranged from 10641 to 57810 eggs for crab size ranging from 22.2 to 36.5 mm.
Pilumnidae,Halimede tyche,population structure,Reproductive biology,Great Bitter Lakes,Suez Canal
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18434.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18434_aedae4065ab86644d44a0543acbdd76a.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
In vitro propagation of Pistacia vera L. rootstock
25
31
EN
Mahdia
Gabr
Tissue Culture Unit, Genetic Resources Department, Ecology and Dry Land Agriculture Division, Desert Research Center
11753 El-matarya, 1 Mathaf El- matarya St., El-matarya, Cairo, Egypt
Sabah
Hassanen
Tissue Culture Unit, Genetic Resources Department, Ecology and Dry Land Agriculture Division, Desert Research Center
11753 El-matarya, 1 Mathaf El- matarya St., El-matarya, Cairo, Egypt
sabah_hassanen@yahoo.com
The present study was carried out to investigate the influence of different types, combinations and
concentrations of plant growth regulators added to Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium on
establishment, shoot multiplication and rooting of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) rootstock. An efficient
and rapid method for micropropagation of P. vera was developed using stem node sections which
were collected in the spring from adult trees grown in El-Maghara Experimental Station (Middle Sinai).
The explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of 6- benzyl
adenin (BA) (0.0,0.5,1.0, and 1.5 mg/l) in combination with β-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA)(0.0, 0.01
and 0.05 mg /l). Obtained shoots from establishment stage were placed on medium supplemented with
various types of cytokinins BA, kinetin (Kin) and Thiodiazuron (TDZ) each at different concentrations
(0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/ l). The highest average number of shoots and shoot length (4.7 and 4.2 cm,
respectively) were obtained when shoots were placed on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BA.
However, MS medium supplemented with TDZ at 0.5 mg /l raised the average shoot number to 3.8
and average length to 3.9 cm. Root initiation and growth was obtained on half strength MS medium
supplemented with 2.0 mg/l, indol-3-butyric acid (IBA). IBA proved to be more effective for rooting
than NAA. In vitro formed plantlets were left for a month in jars under lab conditions till forming a
whole rooting system. Rooted pistachio plantlets were acclimatized successfully following the regular
methods. Such a protocol will be helpful to expand the cultivation of pistachio in Sinai.
in Vitro,rootstock,Pistacia vera,micropropagation,Sinai
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18435.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18435_7a2c12e1b80150ee3d36c3b85661be02.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Territoriality of Acanthurus sohal on reefs in Ras Mohamed National Park, Red Sea
33
40
EN
Magdy
Alwany
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
magdy.elalwany@yahoo.com
Hanaa
Sarhan
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Remarkable variation was observed for substrate composition distribution between both inside and
outside territories of the surgeon fish Acanthurus sohal on reefs of Ras Mohamed National Park, South
Sinai, and Egypt. Eight genera of hard corals were recorded; Acropora, Favites, Pocillipora and
Stylophora were the dominant and the widespread genera inside the A. sohal territory. On other hand,
the Acropora, Pocillipora, Stylophora and Porites were the dominant and the widespread genera
outside the A. sohal territory. Five soft coral genera; Sinularia, Sarcophyton, Xenia, Dendrophyllia and
Nephthyia were recorded inside and outside the territories of A. sohal. The difference was very clear in
algal composition between inside and outside territory. Filamentous algae were dominant inside the
territory, while it was not dominant outside the territory. Three groups of associated fauna (Mollusca,
echinoderms and sponges) were recorded in the study area outside the territory, while two groups
(Mollusca and sponges) were recorded inside the territories. Dead component of substrate (old reef,
sand, rubbles and others) showed dominance outside the territory more than inside. The percentage
covers of algae, especially filamentous algae, had the highest values inside territory. The total territory
areas of A. sohal varied between 12.8 m2 and 17.0 m2, by an average 15.2 m2 in the whole study area.
There was a significant positive correlated relationship between surgeon fish A. sohal territory size and
the complexity of substrate inside the territory
Acanthuridae,Territory behaviour,Herbivores,reef fishes,South Sinai,Red Sea,Egypt
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18436.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18436_933793c9f0633a60c0d40274906e4368.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Sea Surface Temperature Analysis for Predicting Coral Bleaching Induced by Thermal Stress for Hurghada Region Using AVHRR Satellite Imagery
41
49
EN
S
Zakaria
Department of Marine Science, College of Science, Suez Canal University
B.
Salem
Department of Environmental Science, College of Science, Alexandria University
K.
El-Din
Department of Oceanography, College of Science, Alexandria University
M.
Selim
Department of Marine Science, College of Science, Suez Canal University
mohamedbedir@hotmail.com
Coral reefs are vital ecosystems which are incredibly diverse and have a very important role in the
marine life ecosystem. They are very sensitive to environmental change; one of the most threats to the
coral reefs is thermal stress that could lead to coral bleaching and affects the coral ability to recover.
The satellite approach solution is one of the important monitoring systems to predict thermal stress and
possible coral bleaching alerts. The remote sensing approach uses Sea Surface Temperature (SST)
derived from infrared observations collected by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer
(AVHRR) sensors from the NOAA polar orbiting satellites using the Multi-Channel Sea-Surface
temperature (MCSST) algorithm. SST was computed for the study area on a daily basis along the year
2009 from 9km resolution AVHRR night images after scaling the byte digital number or DN values
into the appropriate sea surface temperature and convert Pixel Coordinate to Latitude and Longitude
positions. The Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly and Coral Bleaching Hot Spot and Coral Bleaching
Degree Heating Week (DHW) were calculated to define regions of unusual elevated SST and the
occurrence and magnitude of thermal stress as well as the accumulation of thermal stress over time in
order to monitor the cumulative effect as a thermal stress index. Applying the remote sensing approach
on Hurghada region showed a good primary indicator to be used for monitoring coral stress and
predicting possible coral bleaching and coral resilience ability. The aim of the study was to introduce
the satellite approach as an assessment process and a prediction tool of the thermal stress on the coral
that could perform bleaching and that is an important key factor for providing accurate, economical and
useful results for the preservation of the coral reef ecosystem
bleaching,Coral reef,Hurghada,Remote Sensing,Sea Surface Temperature
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18438.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18438_94765504f0e71b32f3ba0310eedcfd50.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Resistance mechanisms to some pesticides in a field strain of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae
51
55
EN
Ayat
El Gammal
Plant protection Department, Agriculture research center, Ismailia, Egypt
ahmed_aboughalia@science.suez.edu.eg
Akram
Abouzied
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
akramabouzied@science.suez.edu.eg
Mohamed
Salman
Plant protection Department, Agriculture research center, Ismailia, Egypt
Ahmed
Abo-Ghalia
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a major pest affecting crops
worldwide, for which biological control has not yet been achieved, therefore, acaricides are commonly
used to control it. Spider mites are sap-sucking and can cause leaves and flowers to wilt and die. The
entire mite life cycle takes about 2-3 weeks. All life stages of spider mites are usually found on the
undersides of leaves, which make early detection difficult. The overall aims of the study described in this
work were to study the molecular biology of resistance mechanisms against certain acaricides which
currently available in some Ismailia regions (Egypt). T. urticae were collected from five different sprayed
districts, together with a strain collected from unsprayed districts. The laboratory tests were carried out to
establish the probit analysis of the sprayed strains comparing with the laboratory susceptible strains using
two acaricides (abamectin and chlorfenapyr). Results of LC50 for abamectin in resistant strains obtained
from different regions (El-Qassasin, Ismailia, Abu-Sueir, Faied and El-Qantara Gharb) and in susceptible
strains were 1.32, 1.54, 6.18, 11.03, 26.02 and 0.233 respectively, while for chlorfenapyr were 1.174,
1.47, 15.58, 26.25, 46.16 and 0.22 respectively. Results revealed that all treatments in significant reduction
of the mean numbers of moving stages of the mite populations compared with that of unsprayed control. In all
counts, abamectin was affected more than chlorfenapyr against the target pest. All field strains showed high
resistant comparing with susceptible laboratory strain.
Abamectin,chlorfenapyr,Tetranychus urticae,toxicity
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18440.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18440_8aea7d91c63dcd4e744fbecb785a08b1.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Competence of Agrobacterium rhizogenes to accumulate heavy metals and toxicity of cadmium and copper to Agrobacterium strains
57
67
EN
Ishrak
Khafagi
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Ahmed
Dewedar
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Alaa
Rashad
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Akram
Abo-Seda
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Suez, Egypt.
Heavy metals cannot be degraded through various treatments. Bioaccumulation and bioaugmentation
of heavy metals by food chain could damage normal physiological activity of higher organisms and
threat human life. Heavy metals are very toxic even at low concentration (1.0 – 10 μg/ l) and their
toxicity can last for a long time in nature. Short-deep treatment beds constructed at Abo-Attwa,
Experimental Station, Ismailia, Egypt were efficient in the removal of organic matter, BOD and COD
from primary treated influent by 50%, 66 % and 68 %, respectively. Also, the treatment beds were
efficient in the removal of 93 – 98 % of the heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni and Cd from influent. Eight
Agrobacterium strains, three A. rhizogenes and five A. tumefaciens, were isolated and characterized
from naturally-occurring microbial flora proximate domestic wastewater of Abo-Attwa Experimental
Station, Ismailia, Egypt. The Agrobacterium strains were able to accumulate lead, zinc and nickel at
varying rates. On the other hand, copper and cadmium were toxic to all Agrobacterium strains tested.
The toxicity order of various heavy metals to Agrobacterium strains tested was Cd> Cu> Zn> Ni> Pb.
The three A. rhizogenes strains accumulated higher amounts of Zn and Ni than A. tumefaciens strains.
Induction of some tolerant Agrobacterium strains via growth adaptation in the presence of progressive
high concentration of Cd and Cu was achieved. A. rhizogenes strain A8 was superior in adaptation and
survival as tolerant strain to both cadmium (Cd) and copper (Cu) on growing in Nutrient Broth
containing elevated concentrations 1, 3, 10 and 30 μg/ l of both metals. The A. rhizogenes strains A1
and A7 efficiently accumulated 90 % more Cd than non-adapted Agrobacterium cells when grown at
10μg/l. Furthermore, The A. rhizogenes strains A1, A7 and A8 accumulating 90 % , 75 % and 80 %
respectively more Cu than non-adapted Agrobacterium cells when grown at 10μg/l. The
bioaccumulation efficiency % of the A. rhizogenes strains A1 and A7 was 40 %for accumulating 30μg/l
of the toxic metal cadmium (Cd). The potential role of Agrobacterium in the bioremediation of heavy
metals was also considered.
Agrobacterium,Bioaccumulation, Biological treatment beds, Heavy metals,tolerant
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18441.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18441_8e36bca53daa314ce577a63484c679c0.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Endosulfan Damaging Effect on the Developing Kidney Types (Mesonephroi and Metanephroi) of the Chick Embryos
69
77
EN
Mohamed
El-Sheikh
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
yomnmobarak@hotmail.com
Maha
Al-Asmary
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom Saudi Arabia
This study aims to explore the effects of the organ chlorine pesticide (OCP) endosulfan on the developing
kidney types of the chick embryos. Embryos aged 24 hours were treated with a single dose of 7 or 14 or
21 mg/egg (¼ or ½ or ¾ of the endosulfan LD50, respectively) through the egg air space. The eggs were
opened on embryonic days (EDs) 6 and 12 and the embryos were anesthetized, dissected out and the
lumbar areas processed for paraffin embedding, stained with haematoxylin and eosin, and the kidney
types were examined by light microscopy. In control embryos of ED 6, the only observed excretory
tissue was of the mesonephric type. On ED 6, the endosulfan treatment had resulted in dose-dependent
histopathological lesions included: a general delay of excretory units differentiation, reduction in the
numbers of mesonephric ducts and tubules, irregular distribution of renal corpuscles, high rate of
degenerative changes with atrophy and/or vacuolization of epithelial cells and excessive hemorrhage. In
controls of ED 12, both mesonephric and metanephric kidneys were observed. The mesonephroi were
fully developed, enlarged, and contained much more closely associated components than those of the 6-
day-old stage. The effects of endosulfan on ED 12 were also dose-dependent and included increased
regressive changes of mesonephroi. These changes were represented cyst-like appearance, dilatation of
collecting tubules, necrosis and apoptosis, damaged renal corpuscle, and persistence of primitive
excretory units. Also, the metanephros was either poorly developed or did not show any appearance.
These findings suggest that endosulfan exhibits severe damaging effects on the developing kidney of the
chick embryos.
Excretory units,necrosis and apoptosis,cystic kidney,regressed mesonephroi
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18442.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18442_47e780c1dbc66d2e9d2599904ab9dbb6.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
A New Lichen Record at Ain Quraychat, Siwa Oasis, Egypt
79
85
EN
Talaat
Hegazy
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta 34517, Egypt
talaat_hegazy@mans.edu.eg
This study was conducted to investigate the presence of lichen species around the wells and springs in
Siwa Oasis of the Western Desert of Egypt. Several sites were surveyed and lichen species were found
only neighbour at a hot spring namely Ain Quraychat. The fruticose lichen Usnea hirta is reported as
new to Siwa Oasis. The thalli are characterized by orange with shadow of brown yellow colour and
yellow pigment in the medulla as well as the axis.
Fruticose,Lichen,Usnea species,Siwa Oasis,Egypt
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18443.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18443_b084d9fa3100e84d5130b4d8d2111f42.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Usages of Herbal Remedies for the Management of Vaginal Infection among Women in Jazan Area at Saudi Arabia.
87
96
EN
Mervat
Zaghloul
Lecturer of maternity, Obstetrics and Gynecological Nursing, Faculty of Nursing,Port Said University, Egypt
mervat_zaghlol2010@yahoo.com
Ashraf
Salman
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt.
Now, Biology Department, Preparatory Year Deanship, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
dr_ashraf11@yahoo.com
The present study aimed to assess mother’s practices regarding using herbal remedies in
managing vaginal infections. Yeast infection in women mostly takes place in vagina by a
fungus called Candida barbicans. Use of herbs for treating vaginal yeast infection in women is
an easy and painless way to get rid of this fungal disease before it causes further problems.
Across – sectional descriptive design was used in this study. A convenient sample of 74
women attending outpatient clinic at Jazan hospital who came for different medical reasons
related to their health or health of their children was recruited for this study. The study was
carried out in outpatient clinics in Jazan hospital in Saudi Arabia. The researcher used
interviewing questionnaire sheet to collect the data from women. The results revealed that the
majority of rural mother in Jazan city used herbal remedies in treating most of the
manifestations of vaginal infection. Finally, the study recommended that educational programs
should be given to women at outpatient clinic about the dose of these alternative remedies and
side effects to protect them from any danger sign.
Vaginal Infection,herbal remedies,Management,Jezan,Saudi Arabia
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18445.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18445_f77cba1de6dc058ba9884050a7309afc.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Tomato fruit quality as influenced by salinity and nitric oxide
97
106
EN
Hala
Mohamed
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 21511, Alexandria, Egypt.
halaamzn@yahoo.com
Ghada
Ismail
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 21511, Alexandria, Egypt.
In the present investigation, the impact of salinity (by adding 100 mM NaCl to the nutrient solution as
well as spraying with sodium nitroprusside, 10 μM SNP, NO source) on the fruit quality of tomato
(Super strain B) plants grown under field conditions were studied. Irrigation with salinized nutrient
solutions alone resulted in a significant suppression in the fruit fresh and dry biomass, length, diameter
and volume as well as β-carotene and lycopene contents. This decrease was accompanied with a
significant increase of Na accumulation, total alkaloids and antioxidants including total phenolics,
flavonoids and ascorbic acid (ASA) contents. Similar to total phenolics and flavonoids, the content of
some individual phenolic acids such as protocatechuic, vanillic, chlorogenic, ferulic and sinapic acids
were of their high levels under saline conditions. Spraying the salinized plants with SNP improved the
tomato fruit quality, to some extent, from salinity impact. Under the studied salinity level there was an
enhancement in the synthesis of health-promoting compounds (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, ASA
and alkaloids) in tomato fruits, with significant positive changes of other quality parameters.
Tomato fruit,salinity,Nitric oxide,lycopene,β-carotene,ascorbic acid,phenolic content
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18447.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18447_d52fd5087a58fa6f5aa27010db04dab7.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Terrestrial invertebrates as bio indicators: Selecting the best Orders and the best methods
107
114
EN
Gamal
Orabi
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
gamalorabi@hotmail.com
The present study investigated the utility of soil, litter and arboreal invertebrates for monitoring the
progress of restoration. Three different techniques were used for sampling various invertebrate orders;
pitfall trap, vacuuming and litter sampling (Tullgren funnels). This study provides data to determine the
most proper method for sampling different arthropods orders and the best order to use as a bio indicator.
A total of 79,183 arthropods were sampled from the study area by the three sampling methods. The
majority was from pitfall traps followed by vacuuming samples and litter ones. Comparisons between the
three sampling methods indicated that pitfall traps most often captured taxa considered active at ground
level, such as ants, carabids and spiders. Most of the arboreal invertebrates were collected by vacuuming
and litter sampling most frequently succeeded in collecting certain groups of arthropods associated with
moisture and sheltered areas, including beetles larvae and litter isopods. The pitfall trap method appeared
ideal for quantitative estimates, while the suction method is ideal for qualitative estimates. Certain groups
of invertebrates, notably hemipterans, beetles, ants and spiders are cost-effective to survey and
potentially high in information content.
Bioindicators,terrestrial invertebrates,Restoration,pitfall traps,vacuuming,litter sampling
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18449.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18449_153b92157fa6576d811ae27f6d502148.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Phytochemical Analysis of Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata by GC-MS
115
120
EN
Raafat
Khattab
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Department of biology, Almadinah Almonawara, Taibah university, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Ali
Gaballa
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Applied sciences, Um AL- Qura University, Makah, Saudi Arabia
Saad
Zakaria
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Abd Allah
Ali
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Ibrahim
Sallam
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
rafifi2001@yahoo.com
Tarek
Temraz
Marine Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
In this study, the phytochemical analysis of Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata have been
studied. Avicennia marina leaves, seeds, flowers, stems and Rhizophora mucronata leaves indicate the
presence of, Steroids, Tannins, Glycosides, Carbohydrates Saponnins, Sterols, Terpenoids and Phenol. In
the GC-MS analysis, ten bioactive photochemical compounds were identified in the ethyl acetate extract
of Avicennia marina leaves seeds, flowers, stems and Rhizophora mucronata leaves. The Avicennia
marina and Rhizophora mucronata revealed the presence of medicinal active constituents by GC-MS.
This study also helped to identify the formula and structure of bimolecular therapy which can be used as
drugs.
Phytochemical screening of Avicennia marina and Rhizophora mucronata by GC-MS
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18450.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18450_c3a98041ee158f45833eda79121cd7b4.pdf
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
7
1
2012
11
01
Vertical distribution of zooplankton in relation to thermocline at the main channel of Lake Nasser, Egypt.
121
127
EN
Hesham
Abdel Mola
National Institute of oceanography and Fisheries
hesham_reda06@yahoo.com
Temperature plays an important role in vertical distribution of zooplankton especially in summer.
Zooplankton samples were collected vertically at different depths in the main channel of Lake Nasser in
front of Khor Kalabsh during July, 2007. The highest density of zooplankton (63779 Organisms/m3) and
the highest number of species (10) was recorded between 2-5 m with an average temperature of 30.21°C.
The surface water layer recorded the second most abundant zooplankton (47222 Organisms/m3) with
temperature (34.8 °C). This is due to the highest abundance of Brachionus calciflorus (14444
Organisms/m3). Also, B. calcifloris recorded high number from 0-2 m (10508 Organisms/m3) and not
recorded at any other water layer (up to 20 m depth). This indicates that this species is thermophilic
which is supported by the highest positive correlation (0.79) with temperature. Keratella tropica was
recorded only between 15-20 m with an average temperature of 21.88 °C.
Zooplankton,Vertical distribution,Thermocline,Lake Nasser
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18451.html
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18451_257196f58936714db10376a002be0685.pdf