ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Efficacy of certain Gel Baits against the German cockroach, Blattella germanica L. (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) under laboratory conditions
The comparative attractivity and toxicity of certain Gel Baits against the German cockroach were investigated under laboratory conditions. The latter used to determine which of these baits were most effective against adult males and females German cockroach Blattella germanica (L.) (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae). The toxic baits tested were: Combat, 0.01% Fipronil; Siko Biko; Siko Biko with Taro plant; Hexan Gel and Killer Sweet, 47% boric acid. Results showed that in both choice and no-choice tests, Combat and Siko Biko with Taro plant were the most toxic baits against both sexes, while Killer sweet was the least toxic. In trapping experiments, Combat and Siko Biko with extract were also the most attractive to both sexes, while Killer sweet was the least attractive one. To improve the toxicity and attractiveness of Siko Biko bait, 4% ethanol extract of taro plant, Colocasia esculenta was added. The additive significantly rendered its toxicity from 83.33 ± 1.76% to 100% and from 60.00 ± 1.15% to 73.33±0.33% for males and females cockroach in no-choice assay, and from 76.66±0.88% to 100% and 53.33±0.88% to 66.66±1.01% for male and female cockroaches in choice assay, respectively. Its attractiveness was also increased from 36.66% to 80% and from 26.66% to 68.66% for male and female cockroaches, respectively.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18410_14bb7edaa96a492277e8b0542297ac3e.pdf
2015-03-01
1
7
Olfat
El Monairy
olfatelmonairy@gmail.com
1
Benha University, Faculty of Science, Entomology Department, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Yasser
El-Sayed
2
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University
AUTHOR
Maysa
Hegazy
3
Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Water Quality Assessment of Irrigation and Drainage Systems on the Basis of Phytoplankton Analysis
Water systems in Upper Egypt appear to be vulnerable for Egyptians uses and abuses. Recognition of the
ever increasing pressure on those resources and the inevitable conflicts of water utility always require
promotion of strategies for better environmental management of this valuable resource. WHO has
reported that about 40 thousand people worldwide are dying daily due to consumption of polluted water.
Hence, it was thought imperative to assess the water quality and pollution status of aquatic habitats in
Upper Egypt. Irrigation and drainage canals have an important role in controlling the water balance, for
irrigation of agricultural lands and discharge from the cultivated soils. They may be subjected to
anthropogenic impact that lead to perceptible changes in their regime particularly in the drainage canals.
In such habitats, planktonic algae are sensitive to the dramatic fluctuations of water quality, and are
therefore could be regarded as predictors for monitoring environmental conditions. Obvious differences
were observed between the irrigation and drainage canals in water quality and phytoplankton abundance
as well as its community structure. For instance, the species diversities in the irrigation canals were
relatively higher than those in the drainage canals. Furthermore, some euglenoid and cyanoprokaryotic
phytoplankton appeared in the drainage canals and completely disappeared in the irrigation canals. These
observations provide evidence for possible use of phytoplankton to assess water quality.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18411_000cc07ff059490e0634dc9d6e092ae8.pdf
2015-03-01
9
16
Cyanobacteria
ecological status
euglenoid algae
eutrophic
mesotrophic
oligotrophic
Ahmed
El-Otify
elotify57@yahoo.co.uk
1
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Bioactivity of Some Egyptian Seaweeds Extract
This research aimed at screening in vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities as well as in vitro
antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities in Codium tomentosum, Ulva lactuca and Hypnea musciformis,
collected form the Suez Canal, Egypt. Samples were cleaned from epiphytes, washed, air dried and
powdered. All the methanol/methylene chloride crude extracts showed a marked antioxidant effect
compared to the reference drug vitamin E on alloxan induced diabetic rats and Hypnea musciformis (red
algae) was the most potent (60.18%). Also, it showed the maximum anti-inflammatory activity in
carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. Both extracts of H. musciformis and U. lactuca showed a wide
spectrum antibacterial activity, and the highest activity appeared against Klebsiella pneumoniae (clinical
culture). Moreover, all the crude extracts showed a promising cytotoxic activity (> 70%) against liver
(HEPG2) and prostrate (PC3) cancer cell lines using Sulpho-Rhodamine-B (SRB) assay. The ethyl acetate
fractions of U. lactuca, C. tomentosum and H. musciformis were significantly enhanced in HEPG2 with
IC50 (12.8, 24.5 and 17.8 μg/ml), respectively, compared to the control doxorubicin. Such biological
activities might be attributed to the presence of phenols, flavonoids, and tannins, as active constituents in
all algal extracts. Besides Alkaloids observed in U. lactuca and H. musciformis, as well as saponins from
U. lactuca.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18412_ebd3adc9df75d7e6c66a70e95517b20e.pdf
2015-03-01
17
25
Seaweeds
Antimicrobial
Anti-inflammatory
antioxidant
cytotoxic
chemical constituents
Suez Canal
Eman
Hamza
1
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Suez University
AUTHOR
Tarek
Temraz
2
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University
AUTHOR
Safwat
Ahmed
safwat_aa@yahoo.com
3
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt.
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Two New Records of Plant Species to Egyptian Flora
The present study aimed to focus on two new records of plant species growing in North Sinai (Cyperus glaber L. and Eminium spiculatum (Blume) Schott subsp. negevensis Koach & Feinbrun). These two species were found at the Mediterranean costal region at Bir elabid and El Mazar, growing in the inland area at Lehfen, Sad elrawafa and wadi El arish
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18414_badbe7a2be169c0bea5c3770d7efdfc4.pdf
2015-03-01
27
28
Egypt
North Sinai
Mediterranean coast
Cyperaceae
Araceae
Abdelrauf
Moustafa
raoufmoustafa2@hotmail.com
1
Faculty of science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohamed
Zaghloul
2
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
AUTHOR
Dina
AlSharkawy
3
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Transmission Electron Microscopy Study on the Gas Exchanger of the Migratory Quail (Coturnix coturnix coturnix) and Farmed Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Birds have an extra ordinary respiratory system which plays an important role in keeping the body temperature constant. The abilities of birds to sustain flight and to fly in the thin air of high altitude are striking evolutionary accomplishments. The respiratory system is vital to these strenuous feats and thus most research on the form, function and adaptive significance of the avian lung has rightly on adaptations that enable rapid rates exchange. Morphologically, the avian respiratory system is separated into the lung (the gas exchanging part) and the air sacs (the non respiratory part). Lung tissues of the migratory quail and the farmed quail were subjected to standard processing for transmission electron microscopy. The results reported differences in the number and form of the air capillaries (Acs) and blood capillaries (Bcs). The blood gas-barrier (BGB) was thinner in the migratory quail than that of the farmed quail. The lung of the migratory quail is very efficient because of the presence of an extremely thin blood gas barrier than that of the farmed quail. This would contribute to the remarkable to expend energy during flight, especially at high altitude by the migratory quail which flies for longer distances, and indicate that structural adaptations may occur in the avian lung in response to functional demands.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18415_efe23db02676aa8fcb667cf35745ec62.pdf
2015-03-01
29
31
Ultrastructure
Lungs
Birds
quails
Lamiaa
Deef
lamiaadeef@yahoo.com
1
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Impact of the Invasive Ipomoea carnea Jacq. on Plant Diversity Along the Canal and Drain Banks of Nile Delta, Egypt
In Nile Delta of Egypt, the introduced invasive species Ipomoea carnea Jacq. occupies pure and/or
mixed stands with poor associates along the banks of canals and drains forming a dense above ground
patches. In this study, the impact of I. carnea on floristic diversity and soil chemical properties
evaluated. The plant community attributes including species richness and evenness were compared
between invaded and uninvaded stands. The allelopathic potential of the aqueous extracts of root, stem,
leaf and fruit of I. carnea were examined on seed germination and seedling growth of Echinochloa
crus-galli and Portulaca oleracea weeds. Results showed that, the inhibitory effect of I. carnea extracts
could be related to the presence of phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and alkaloids, and followed a gradient:
leaf> fruit> root> stem. The allelopathic activity of I. carnea coupled with its competitive effect for soil
nutrients could contribute to the invasion success and attainment of pure population.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18417_776eb37337b48068629385e969daf55f.pdf
2015-03-01
33
40
Species diversity
invasive species
Allelopathy
Mohamed
Sadek
mohamed_eco@mans.edu.eg
1
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of human recreation on vegetation composition and diversity of inland desert dunes in Al-Ghada Nature Reserve, Central Saudi Arabia
Inland desert dunes are regarded as the most fragile ecosystem in arid regions. A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of human recreational camping on vegetation assemblages at four sites belonging to none, low, moderate and heavy recreational intensities on the sand dunes of Al-Ghada Nature Reserve. In each study site, four 10 × 100 m transects were established in the four cardinal directions to measure the different vegetation attributes. The results showed that all recreational levels significantly reduced the total vegetation cover, plant density, number of species, as well as Shannon-Wiener diversity and evenness indices. Heavy recreational intensities decreased the cover of the woody and grass species, and increased that of annual and weedy species. Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling ordination (NMDS) of vegetation presented a clear spatial separation of the four sampling sites reflecting their differences in vegetation association according to the recreational pressure. Indicator species value analysis (INDVAL) showed that the four recreational intensities were characterized by different indicator species with highest constancy and fidelity. The study concluded that recreational pressure significantly alters vegetation structure and diversity, and recreation activities should be restricted to conserve the ecosystem function of desert dunes that are sensitive to disturbance
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18419_f01df2ffe9863a87e73e866072929b77.pdf
2015-03-01
41
50
Camping
inland desert dunes
Management
recreational activities
Species diversity
Vegetation
Magdy
El-Bana
mag_bana@yahoo.co.uk
1
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammed
Aldakhil
2
Department of Geography, Social Science College, Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The phylogenetic map between three pollinizers and their impact on fruit set, yield and fruit quality of Zaghloul and Samani date palms
Fingerprinting analysis using RAPD has been performed to investigate the phylogenetic relationships among three males and two females of the Egyptian date-palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) during the seasons of 2012 and 2013. The RAPD-PCR with nine primers detected a total number of fifty six fragments, thirty nine bands of them were polymorphic with a ratio of 69.64% (out of them seven unique bands with a ratio of 12.5%), and seventeen bands were monomorphic with a ratio of 30.36%. The genetic variability and relationships among the five accessions of the Egyptian date palms were estimated in the term of similarity using Dice coefficient. The phylogenetic tree revealed high similarity value between New Valley and both of Samani and Zaghloul (1.000 and 0.731, respectively), whereas it revealed a middle value between Rashied pollinizer and both of Samani and Zaghloul (0.667 and 0.402, respectively). The similarity value was middle between the pollinizer from El Nobaria and Zaghloul (0.447) from one site and low similarity value between El Nobaria and Samani (0.282). Depending on these results, it could be concluded that Rashied pollinizer seems to be the most suitable for Zaghloul female date palm, while El Nobaria pollinizer is the best for Samani female date palm. From another side, the both pollinizers recorded the best results concerning fruit set, bunch weight, palm yield and fruit physical properties (weight, length, diameter, and size). In addition, both pollinizers enhanced the chemical properties (TSS, and both of total reducing and non- reducing sugars).The above results were observed in both studied seasons.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18421_d4dc84153cd87b54fff35d7c616adbcc.pdf
2015-03-01
51
58
Bunch weight
Egyptian Date palms
fruit set
Phylogenetic tree and RAPD –PCR markers
Pollinizers
yield
fruit quality
Heiba
Samy
samyheaba2006@hotmail.com
1
Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hoda
Ali
2
Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Esam
3
Pomology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Saleh
Mohamed
4
Pomology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ashour
Nagah
5
Pomology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Seawater Salinity Concentrations on Growth Rate, Pigment contents and Lipid Concentration in Anabaena fertilissma
Salinity imposes significant stresses in various living organisms including microalgae. Under favourable and unlimited growth conditions microalgae produce primarily polar lipids, which enrich chloroplast and cellular membranes. However, under unfavourable growth conditions microalgae accumulate neutral lipids in lipid droplets located in the cytoplasm. The study focuses on the effect of salinity concentrations on the cell growth, photosynthetic pigments and some metabolic activities as carbohydrate, protein, lipid, total amino acids, proline, choline, glycine betaine and individual's fatty acids in Anabaena fertilissma by setting up different ranges of salinity (2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20‰). The results were as follows. The microalga was able to tolerate the salinity levels, algal cell division showed a good adaptation to the highest salinities and cells would not go into osmotic shock and die, where the changes in salinity have significant effects on the growth. The growth and photosynthetic pigments tends to decline as salinity increases. While increased of protein, carbohydrate, lipid, proline, choline and glycine betaine. The composition of fatty acid methyl ester has been identified as C16:0, C18:0, C20:0, C16:1, C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:4, C20:5 and C22:6. It is clear that the effects of salt stress on the proportional amounts of fatty acids.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18422_ce30120fdef90048ae7e289f200c4b85.pdf
2015-03-01
59
65
growth rate
Individual fatty acids
Microalga
protein
Pigments
Salinity variations
Soad
Mohy El-Din
dr.soad_mohi@hotmail.com
1
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of chlorophyll meter method in Egyptian wheat cultivars after Photobiostimulation with Red Polarized Light
The present study has been devoted to compare between the commonly used spectrophotometric method (SPM) for chlorophyll measurement and the portable chlorophyll meter (AtLeaf) method (PCM) for direct reading. Photobiostimulation of chlorophyll has been induced in leaves (30-day-old) of six cultivars of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Egypt, through pre-sowing seed treatments with 9 different doses (exposure times from 1- 1200 seconds) of monochromatic red polarized light (wavelength 632.8 nm and power intensity 0.5 mW.cm-2). The results obtained indicated that polarized light induced a significant increase in chlorophyll contents mostly in all cultivars, as compared to corresponding controls. As a general trend, low intensity red polarized light enhanced the chlorophyll content in leaves of the 6 tested wheat cultivars under study. Both the SPM and the PCM methods were efficient for chlorophyll assessment and the readings of the portable method showed significantly strong correlation with those of the spectrophotometric method. Thus, it might be concluded that easy to use and time rescuing portable chlorophyll meter method can be used efficiently in monitoring the chlorophyll contents of leaves of the 6 tested common wheat cultivars.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18424_ef2cfdc9f42ba9ff030de3337ab01a44.pdf
2015-03-01
67
74
Chlorophyll
Portable chlorophyll meter
Photobiostimulation
Red polarized light
Triticum aestivum
Wheat
Abdelghafar
Abu-Elsaoud
abuelsaoud@science.suez.edu.eg
1
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Heba
Hassan
2
Integrated Control Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Molecular mechanisms of resistance to some pesticides in the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) from Egypt
The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae), is the major pest affecting
crops in Egypt. To date, synthetic acaricides are used extensively to control it. These include two specific
acaricides: i.e. abamectin and chlorfenapyr compounds that are toxic to T. urticae and used widespread in
Egypt. Nevertheless, progressive insensitivities to these acaricides are problematic in many areas under
field conditions currently used in Ismailia province, Egypt, to control mites. The overall aim of the
present study was to study the molecular mechanisms of resistance to the pesticides abamectin and
chlorfenapyr in the two-spotted spider mite collected from Ismailia governorate in Egypt. In this paper,
we investigated T. urticae collected from sprayed vegetables, fruits and citrus by compounds abamectin
and chlorfenapyr where control failures were reported, together with a laboratory strain collected from
unsprayed districts. Oligonucleotide specific primers of T. urticae diagnostics were used to screen the
genomic DNA as templates based on the end-point PCR analysis. In the present work, searching of T.
urticae DNA by PCR for resistance mutations revealed that the amplified DNA fragments had the
expected resistant common kinds of mutations. The resulting PCR products were sequenced and
compared with the laboratory strain collected from unsprayed districts. Neither mutation was detected in
DNA samples of the laboratory strains examined in this study. So, it could be that the toxicological and
mutation mechanisms data of abamectin and chlorfenapyr resistance determined in this study will be
essential in devising the resistant management strategies for the future use of these compounds in the
cultivation in Egypt.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18426_a39a5b9742bf51a0ced43ec4a40be1a5.pdf
2015-03-01
75
80
Abamectin
chlorfenapyr
Tetranychus urticae
PCR
resistance
toxicity
spider mite
Mohamed
Salman
1
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt
AUTHOR
Akram
Abouzied
akramabouzied@science.suez.edu.eg
2
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ayat
El-Gammal
3
Plant Protection Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Egypt
AUTHOR
Ahmed
Abo-Ghalia
4
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Monitoring for the abundance and distribution of macroalgae along Suez Canal, Egypt
Suez Canal is a vital navigational passageway linking between east and west. The present study monitored both water quality and macroalgal groups, in five sites (Port Said, Qantara, Ismailia, Fayed and Suez) along Suez Canal, throughout one year. Physico-chemical properties of water exhibited local variations, giving noticeable maximum concentrations of most parameters at Suez. Total of 34 macroalgal species were recorded (14 Chlorophyta, 12 Phaeophyta and 8 Rhodophyta). Species of Phaeophyta dominated the three middle sites (Qantara, Ismailia and Faied), Chlorophyta had the superiority within Suez and Port Said. Meanwhile, regarding the abundance of macroalgal groups, Chlorophyta dominated over Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta in three sites (Suez, Fayed and Port Said), where, it formed 89% of the total macroalgal vegetation at Suez and 51% at Fayed, however at Port Said it represent 44% . Meanwhile, Rhodophyta dominated over the other macroalgal group at Ismailia. Multivariate analysis revealed the relation between macroalgal distribution and environmental parameter, also clarified the relations between the algal species, providing baseline information along the Suez Canal. The low number of recorded species indicating the importance to follow up the rapid increase in human activities in Suez Canal to improve the situation through regular monitoring.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18427_5e11c064803b5d6f3036e1ac843f84f3.pdf
2015-03-01
81
91
Macroalgal distribution
Suez Canal
Monitoring
Multivariate Analysis
Jelan
Mofeed
jelanmofeed@hotmail.com
1
Department of Aquatic Environment, Faculty of Fish Resources, Suez University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammed
Deyab
2
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effects of the Pyrethroid Pesticide Cypermethrin on Gills and Kidneys (Trunk Mesonephroi) of Guppy’s Fish (Poecilia reticulata)
The present study explored the histopathological impacts of the pyrethroid pesticide cypermethrin on gills and trunk mesonephroi of guppy fish (45-day-old) juveniles. Five-day-old guppy larvae were exposed to 7x10-4 or 9.3x10-4 μ M/L of cypermethrin only once for 48-hours. Afterward, they were left to grow (in cypermethrin-free aquaria) until they reach 45-days-old. The juveniles were removed from the aquaria, anesthetized, dissected out and their gills and mesonephroi were processed for paraffin embedding, stained with haematoxylin and eosin, examined by light microscopy, photographed and described. The severity of the observed histopathological changes in gills and mesonephroi of cypermethrin-exposed juvenile's were concentration-dependent. In gills, the lesions were represented by hyperplasia of primary lamellae, shortening, fusion, epithelial lifting of the secondary lamellae; stasis; twisting of the primary lamella; leukocytes infiltration; rupture of the lamellar epithelium; focal proliferation of primary and secondary lamellar epithelial cells; hemorrhages; telangiectasia; hyperactivity of mucous cells and necrosis. In kidneys the histopathological changes included: glomerular damage, dilated capsular space, collapse of glomerular tuft, fluid accumulation and enlarged Bowman's space, dilatation of renal tubules, atrophy and pyknosis of renal epithelium, necrosis and excessive proliferation of the hematopoietic tissue.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18428_92cff72220221594bc4d5c538127c0ef.pdf
2015-03-01
93
101
cypermethrin
gills
Glomerulus
Guppy’s Fish
Hyperplasia
Lamellar epithelia
Mesonephroi
Pyknosis
renal tubules
Rowa
Zarha
1
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taif University, KSA
AUTHOR
Yomn
Mobarak
yomnmobarak@hotmail.com
2
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Egypt
LEAD_AUTHOR