eng
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2009-04-01
4
1
1
9
18490
Original Article
Pesticide Contamination of Surface Water in Egypt and Potential Impact
Mustafa Selim
selimm@ecu.edu
1
William Popendorf
2
Environmental Health Sciences Division, Department of Health Education and Promotion, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858.
Department of Biology, Utah State University, Logan, UT 84322
Enzyme-immunoassay field kits and capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorous and electron capture detection (NPD and ECD) systems were used to determine the levels and distribution of commonly used pesticides (alachlor, atrazine, butylate, cyanazine, diazinon, metolachlor, metribuzin, malathion, parathion, propachlor, pendimethalin, trifluralin) and some of their metabolites (diethyl aniline, hydroxy alachlor, DE-atrazine, and DIP-atrazine) in surface water in Egypt. Replicate water samples were collected from several sampling sites near Cairo, Alexandria, Damietta, and Manzala Lake, using solid-phase concentration onto C18 cartridges, and the extract was subsequently analyzed using GC/NPD and GC/ECD systems. Alachlor, metolachlor, trifluralin, parathion, malathion, atrazine, and metribuzin were the most frequently detected pesticides, in the order listed, at the four sampling locations. Alachlor had the highest concentration detected (165-254 ppb), followed by metribuzin (0.6-47 ppb), metolachlor (6.6-12.5 ppb), atrazine, (2.5-7.3 ppb), and malathion (1.5-5.7 ppb). The concentrations of pesticides detected at Cairo were generally lower than those at the other three locations, down stream on the Nile River. The largest number of pesticides detected was in the Damietta branch of the Nile, and their concentration was generally higher than those detected at all other locations. Manzala Lake is the second highest location in terms of overall frequency and concentration of pesticides detected. The ecological and environmental health impacts of such contamination will be discussed.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18490_8aeb205846dd1ea25022944d4544e39f.pdf
Pesticides
water
Manzala
Damietta
Cairo
alexandria
eng
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2009-04-01
4
1
11
19
18491
Genetic Studies on Breeding Faba Bean for Drought Tolerance 1- Genetic Variations
Abd El-Fatah Belal
1
Sayed Omer
2
Eman El-Sarag
emanymh@yahoo.com
3
Mohamed El-Metwally
4
Plant Production Department, Faculty of Environmental Agriculture sciences, Suez Canal University, El-Arish, Egypt
Plant Genetic Resources Department., Desert Research Center (DRC), Cairo, Egypt
Plant Production Department, Faculty of Environmental Agriculture sciences, Suez Canal University, El-Arish, Egypt
Egyptian Desert Gene Bank, Plant Genetic Resources Department, DRC, El-Sheikh Zewied, North Sinai, Egypt
Genetic relationships between six varieties and their fifteen hybrids of faba beans grown under the
natural environmental condition at North Sinai Research Station (NSRS) were studied using ISSR
molecular markers. Fifteen mer specific DNA primers were used. Out of used six arbitrary 15 mer
primers, five were identified and detected polymorphism. The results indicated that there were some
variations in banding patterns among these 6 parents which appeared a High level of polymorphism
between it. The results of ISSR –PCR profiles of the studied faba bean genotypes for 15 F1 hybrids
showed a High level of monomorphism was observed. The highest polymorphism with primer HB8
(GA) 6 GG at molecular weight 1100 bp. While the highest monomorphism with primers 17899B (CA)
6 GG at molecular weights (455, 749, 847 and1020 bp) bp, and HB9 (GT) 6 GG at molecular weights
(500, 680, 1021 and 1299) bp. The genetic relationships based on ISSR markers were developed using
SPSS computer program. Moreover, these molecular markers are useful tools for the breeder to decrese
the time of breeding program. The results of genetic relationships showed that the genotypes were
divided into two groups. Each group consists of the parents and their hybrids. The first group consist of
the parents (Nubaria1 and Sakha2) and eleven hybrids of Vicia faba (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, L7, L8, L9,
L10 and L11), while the second cluster included the rest of parents (Sakha1, Giza429, Giza716 and
Giza2) and others hybrids (L12, L13, L14 and L15). Passed on the later the obtained results from ISSR
analysis and the results of Dendrograms demonstrated the relationships refers to the cross direction in
breeding program was done correctly. For this reason, results of positive and negative molecular size
(pb) against different primers indicated that ISSR markers are effective in breeding programs for drought
tolerance.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18491_8161a91bc16a6683760916681ba8b656.pdf
Faba bean
Drought tolerance
molecular markers
dendrogram
eng
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2009-04-01
4
1
21
30
18492
A Study on Cerastoderma glaucum (Bruguière, 1789) As a Biomonitor Aspect of Oil Pollution in Lake Timsah, Suez Canal, Egypt
Samya Mohammad
samya_hm@hotmail.com
1
Aisha Belal
2
Nadia El-Agroudy
3
Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Port Said, Egypt
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, Egypt
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez, Egypt
Oil pollution is a continual threat to all inshore marine habitats, and particularly pronounced in benthic
animals. Therefore, the present study aims to elucidate the effect of the total dissolved/dispersed
petroleum hydrocarbons (TDDPHs) on Cerastoderma glaucum (Bivalvia: Cardiidae) in Lake Timsah.
Seasonal investigations were carried out at two sites during 2007. The TDDPHs were measured in soft
tissues and shell of C. glaucum, water and sediment samples using spectrofluorometric analysis. Also,
gas chromatographic analysis was carried out to detect the polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Results
revealed the TDDPHs content were high in male individuals than females, and were also more
representative in the cockles' soft tissues than in its shells. Soft tissues of C. glaucum and sediment
samples recorded significant differences during seasons and between the two sites. A negative
correlation was found between TDDPHs content in soft tissues of C. glaucum and its age. The highest
level of TDDPHs content in soft tissues (21.3 >g/g) was recorded at age of one year, while the lowest
one (4.82 >g/g) was observed at age of five years. Concentration factor (CF) studied showed higher
value in sediment during spring and in soft tissues during autumn. Gas chromatographic analysis (GC)
clarified that PAHs accumulated in soft tissues were of high molecular weight (HMW) which represent
hazard effect on marine organisms.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18492_fd176abc43f98434388564b1f05d938a.pdf
Dissolved/dispersed petroleum hydrocarbons
polyaromatic hydrocarbons
Cerastoderma glaucum
Lake Timsah
pollution
biomonitor
oil
eng
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2009-04-01
4
1
31
37
18493
Size Distribution and Biometric Studies on the Rocky Snail Thais carinifera in Lake Timsah, Suez Canal
Nancy Radwan
nancy_af2003@yahoo.com
1
Samia Mohammad
2
Saad Mohammad
3
Ahmed Yaseen
4
Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University, El-Arish, Egypt
Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Port Said, Egypt
Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Suez, Egypt
This study investigates the population structure, size frequency distribution and the biometric studies of
the rocky snail Thais carinifera in Lake Timsah, Suez Canal. The population was dominated by animals
with shell length ranged from 5-5.5 to 5.6-6 cm, which represented 61.96 % of the total individuals.
Significant correlations were found between shell length and most of the other parameters (shell width,
aperture length, and body whorl), with negative allometric growth. The correlation co-efficient values
between shell length and body weight were significant with isometric, positive and negative allometric
growth along the study period (July 2006 - September 2007).
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18493_66e21dd97a45d580215801d9a9e25b4d.pdf
Thais carinifera
Lake Timsah
gastropods
imposex
Rockysnail
eng
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2009-04-01
4
1
39
44
18495
Genomic Variability Among Moesziomyces penicillariae Populations in Senegal (West Africa)
Gnagna Diagne-Leye
magdleye@yahoo.fr
1
Bruno Dennetiere
2
Amadou Tidiane BA
3
Laboratoire de Biotechnologies des champignons (LBC), Département de Biologie Végétale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar Sénégal
Département de Systématique et Evolution, USM0602, Herbier Plantes Non Vasculaires, 12, rue Buffon 75005 Paris, France.
Département de Biologie Végétale Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD), Dakar Sénégal
The genomic diversity of sixty three isolates of Moesziomyces penicillariae, the causal agent of smut of
Pearl millet, was analysed using an ISSR (Inter Single Sequence Repeats) approach based on the
universal minisatellite probe M13 [GAGGGTGGCGGTTCT (Karlsson, 1994)]. According to the
electrophoretic patterns, the distance tree obtained indicates that the different genotypes from Senegal
are divided into 4 clades. This genetic differentiation is correlated to the geographical origin of the
isolates. Most of the isolates from the Northern areas formed a separate clade as well as those from the
south. The isolate from Gambia is closer to those of the Southern of Senegal whereas those of Burkina
formed an independent clade. The isolates from the Central and Eastern areas are distributed in two
clades. However, in these regions, a higher genetic mix appeared: the distribution of the genotypes is
not strictly correlated to their geographic origin. Our results point out that two major factors are
involved in the geographic distribution of the populations of M. penicillariae in Senegal. Firstly, the
genetic diversity is partly correlated to the climatic conditions in relationship to the Pearl millet
varieties used in the different areas. Secondly, isolates sharing genetic markers were collected along the
commercial ways, revealing that anthropochory has an important incidence in dispersal of the disease.
These results highlight that the incidence of the smut disease of Pearl millet in Senegal must be
controlled by using tolerant varieties adapted to the different climatic conditions and by the application
of sanitary rules limiting the dispersal of infected seeds.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18495_9f25ff1d735879344f21165e4855c65c.pdf
Pearl millet smut
Moesziomyces penicillariae
genomic diversity
Senegal
eng
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2009-04-01
4
1
45
52
18496
Determination of Pioglitazone Hydrochloride in Human Plasma by High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Its Pharmacokinetics Application
Nagwa Sabri
nagwa_sabri@yahoo.com
1
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Development of a simple, rapid and routine assay of Pioglitazone Hydrochloride (PHCl) for the
investigation of its pharmacokinetic parameters in human plasma and bioequivalence study of 45mg
PHCl tablets manufactured locally (Test) and originally (Reference). After extraction of PHCl from
plasma, it was chromatographed with mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer: acetonitrile:
methanol (65:25:10) at flow rate of 2ml/min and detected at wavelength of 235nm. The
pharmacokinetic study was conducted in a 2 X 2 crossover design involving 24 volunteers. The criteria
used to assess bioequivalence of the two products were AUC(0-24), AUC(0-∞),Cmax, and tmax. The
described method for analysis showed that the recovery of PHCl from plasma was 99.84%, the limit of
detection was 0.05μg/ml and the regression analysis for the drug concentrations indicated excellent
linearity(r > 0.999). Statistical analysis (ANOVA) of the measured parameters showed that there was
no significant difference between the two products. The HPLC method presented is direct, simple,
reproducible, sensitive and linear for the determination of PHCl in human plasma & is adequate for its
clinical pharmacokinetic studies, besides, the Test was found to be bioequivalent to the Reference and
both products can be considered interchangeable in medical practice.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18496_017343a2ea2aa2321d6d68f63a987590.pdf
Pioglitazone Hydrochloride
HPLC Determination
Analytical Assay
Human Plasma
Pharmacokinetics
Bioequivalence
eng
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
2090-2786
2009-04-01
4
1
53
64
18497
Conservation of Three Endangered Species at St. Catherine Protectorate, South Sinai, Egypt
Adel Ramadan
aaramadan@yahoo.com
1
Abdel Raouf Moustafa
2
Mohamed Zaghloul
zaghloul_mohamed@yahoo.com
3
Mohamed Helmy
4
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
The present paper aims to characterize some biological and ecological traits of three threatened species,
namely; Phlomis aurea, Pterocephalus sanctus, and Thymus decussatus inhabiting the mountains of
Southern Sinai, in Saint Catherine Protectorate. The study included aspects of phenology, seed
germination, and restoration of species from the soil seed bank. The effect of short-term fencing on
productivity and annual growth rate was tested. The results of seed germination showed the highest ratio
(66%) by Phlomis aurea in dark incubator at constant temperature without pretreatment. Non-treated
seeds of Pterocephalus sanctus showed a comparable ratio (64%) in room conditions. However, Thymus
decussatus seeds showed lower ratio (up to 36%) after washing seeds by dripping water for 24 hrs.
Seedlings of Phlomis aurea had been succesfully recruited from the soil seed bank. The mean
productivity values of P. sanctus showed a positive response under a short-term fencing, while Ph. aurea
and T. decussatus showed a negative response. On the other hand Phlomis aurea populations showed a
positive trend in the annual grouth rate, under short-term fencing, however, T. decussatus populations
remained almost steady. On the other hand, P. sanctus showed a growing trend in open localities more
than under fenced ones. Concerning the reproductive effort, the highest value (16%) was obtained by T.
decussatus, while the lowest value (10 %) was obtained by Ph. aurea, and P. sanctus was intermediate
(13%). The study recommended for application of the soil seed bank techniques, as effective tools for
restoration of target plant species and for nature conservation.
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18497_6e3b7df5f207911e6af26c56fd0cb2a5.pdf
St. Catherine protectorate
endangered species
Phenology
conservation
seed germination
soil seed bank
Population ecology
productivity
growth rate
reproductive effort