Conservation Strategy for protecting Crataegus x sinaica against climate change and anthropologic activities in South Sinai Mountains, Egypt
Abdelrauf
Moustafa
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Zaghloul
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Samira
Mansour
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Modhi
Alotaibi
Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nora bent Abdul-Rahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
author
text
article
2019
eng
The genus name Crataegus, is derivative from a Greek word kratos meaning hardness of wood. Crataegus relates to family Rosaceae; it contains about 280 species of deciduous spiny shrubs and small trees where most of these species are grown as ornamentals and hedging plants, they are broadly distributed in Northern temperate zones of Asia, Europe and America. In Egypt, it is confined to mountainous South Sinai; it grows on the high elevated wadis in Saint Catherine area. Many Crataegus species have been traditional used in folk medicine since ancient time for the cure of heart problems such as hypertension, angina, arrhythmia, and congestive heart failure. Researches of Crataegus species usually concentrate on the identification and quantification of flavonoids and anthocyanin, which have been shown to have pharmacological activity. But there is a continuous reduction in habitat quality for this species through time. This reduction observed in Crataegus sinica is likely caused by climate changes in the past few decades and human activities (over cutting for fuel and food, unmanaged collection for scientific researches, uncontrolled tourism and establish of bedouin settlements). We aim to highlights these challenge threatening Crataegus population and suggest conservation plans to protect this species from extinction and finally make further studies about this important threatened species.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
1
6
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28577_bf5a6d4f8acddc108f2cf639d7b316de.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28577
The Invasive Species Commelina benghalensis L.: A Step Towards The Biological Flora of Egypt
Hoda
Abd El-Hamid
Botany Department, Faculty of Science Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Mona
El Bous
Botany Department, Faculty of Science Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Invasive species Commelina benghalensis L. was investigated for its morphological, anatomical aspects. Ecological studies were carried out to explore the floristic composition of its community type and assess the factors that affect its invasion to the study area. Furthermore, proximate analysis, mineral composition, phytochemical screening and GC/MS analysis of secondary metabolites were studied to explore the nature of compounds present and evaluate its potential uses. Forty-seven weed species related to 21 families were recorded in C. benghalensis community type. Poaceae, Asteraceae and Brassicaceae were the most important families. Portulaca oleracea, Cyperus rotundus, Dactyloctenium aegyptium and Euphorbia heterophylla were the common associates. Therophytes were the most frequent life-form (78.7%). The chorological analysis showed the prevalence of paleotropical, cosmopolitan and Mediterranean taxa. A canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that pH, cations (calcium, potassium, sodium and magnesium), anions (bicarbonates, sulphates and chlorides), soil texture (sand, silt and clay) and organic matter were the most effective soil variables for the distribution of C. benghalensis and its associated species in the study area. The highest values of succulence and mean leaf surface area were recorded in mango orchards, while the highest shoot length and phytomass were registered in the habitats of crop fields. The results also indicated that this plant is a valuable source of nutritional, mineral and phytochemical compounds; hence it can be used as potential source of relatively low-cost, palatable forage for livestock and might be of a very important medicinal value and should be explored further to extract new drugs. It should not be included in the harmful weeds.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
7
23
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28585_282a3b16d527ce3cf5fa8dc6b9070536.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28585
Toxicity of Water Soluble Fractions of Petroleum Crude Oil and its Histopathological Alterations Effects on Red Tilapia Fish
Hagar
Dighiesh
National institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Aquaculture division, Fish Reproduction and spawning laboratory
author
Mohamed
Eldanasoury
Animal Production and Fish Resources Division, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Saeed
Kamel
National institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Aquaculture division, Fish Reproduction and spawning laboratory
author
Safaa
Sharaf
Animal Production and Fish Resources Division, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Five treatments including control and four concentrations of water soluble fraction (WSFs) crude oil (5 ppm, 6 ppm, 8 ppm and 10 ppm) were made. Triplicate and ten fish of red tilapiawith an average weight of 8g ± 1.5 were incubated for 96 hours. The 96 hours LC50 was determined (5.25ppm). Histopathological examination of the fish was made for liver, gills, kidney, male gonad and female gonad. Liver showed congestion of blood vessels and hepatic sinusoids with focal necrotic changes of hepatocytes. Gills showed congestion of blood vessels, hyperplasia and adhesion of secondary gill lamellae. Kidney showed congestion of blood vessels and degeneration of renal tubules. Male gonad showed degeneration and necrosis of some seminiferous tubules, edema and severe reduction in all spermatogenic stages and degeneration and Female gonad showed severe necrosis of developmental stages of oocytes along with degenerated mature ripped oocytes in WSFs treated fish compared to control group.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
25
31
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28586_84a0233bf20c90f710405bf674b3efd1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28586
Comparative Study of the Moss Flora of Ismailia Governorate with Other Territories of Egypt
Yasmin
Hassan
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Usama
Abou-Salama
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
Wafaa
Kamel
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Elsayeda
Gamal Eldin
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
This study was conducted to held comparisons between moss flora of Ismailia governorate and the different territories in Egypt. The last study done on this governorate was carried out three decades before. Fifteen excursions were set out for this purpose. Three hundred and ten moss samples were collected from Ismailia governorate. The study revealed that floral similarity was largest between Ismailia governorate and the Southern Sinai massive (S). On the other hand, both Nile Nubia (Nn) and Gebel Elba (GE) showed the lowest species similarity in comparison with the study area
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
33
49
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28594_bcb4c239b3d334a5299062acb5712d2f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28594
Ecological Study on Three Plantago Species and their Associates in Nile Delta Region
Ibrahim
Mashaly
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
author
Ahmed
Abd El-Gawad
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Abu Ziada
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
author
Maha
Deweeb
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
The present work aims at the following objectives: 1) vegetation analysis of the Plantago communities (P. major, P. lagopus, and P. squarrosa) in Nile Delta of Egypt using multivariate analysis, 2) analysis of variations in the edaphic variables controlling the abundance and distribution of the recognized plant communities, and 3) evaluation of the biodiversity of the Plantago communities in the study area. The sampled stands are distributed in four Governorates, namely: El-Dakahlia, Kafr El-Sheikh, El-Behira, and El-Sharkia. The plant cover and density of the recorded species were investigated in 60 sampled stands, and the vegetation classification and ordinated were achieved. Soil samples were collected and the physical and chemical properties were determined. The species richness and eveness in the three communities were aslo calculated. The application of Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) classification based on the importance values of 105 plant species led to the recognition of four vegetation groups. Group A and B dominated by Plantago squarrosa. However, group C comprises dominated by Plantago lagopus. Group D dominated by Plantago major. The stand ordination is given by Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) showed that the vegetation groups obtained by TWINSPAN classification are remarkable distinguishable and having a clear pattern of segregation on the ordination plane. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) exhibited that organic carbon, electrical conductivity, sand fraction, and pH value showed high significant corrections with the first and second axes. However, calcium carbonate, sodium, potassium and calcium cations as well as water-holding capacity, total dissolved phosphorus, silt and clay fractions exhibited a moderate significant correlation. P. squarrosa community was affected with many soil variables such as calcium carbonate, sodium, organic carbon, pH value, sand and magnesium. However, P. lagopus was affected by bicarbonates, potassium, sulfates and total nitrogen. Moreover, P. major showed a close relationship with electrical conductivity, water-holding capacity, total dissolved phosphorus, silt, clay, and porosity. The diversity measurements showed that the P. major community attained the highest richness and evenness, while the community of P. squarrosa showed the lowest diversity and eveness.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
51
64
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28597_8863dd9a54fc3499919c378ebf1a0b0f.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28597
Human Health Risk via Cadmium Concentration in Different Tissues of Domesticated Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) and Wild Common Quail (Coturnix coturnix)
Basma
Sheta
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, 34517 New Damietta, Egypt
author
Hazem
Abd El-Hamid
Marine pollution Department, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt
author
Muhammad
El-Alfy
Marine pollution Department, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Quail hunting is a major socioeconomic practice in Egyptian coastal areas. The accumulation of cadmium in feathers (chest and tail), muscle, kidneys and livers were analyzed and compared in both wild migratory and domesticated Japanese quails using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Domesticated Japanese quail recorded higher concentrations of cadmium than the wild one. Cadmium concentration was higher in kidneys and livers than that in the pectoral muscle and feathers. To assess potential risk to human health, daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) were calculated. The EDI in all tissues was within the permissible tolerable daily intake (PTDI) limit except for kidney values in domesticated species. THQ of all tested organs was less than one, indicating that harmful impacts are not expected. People should avoid eating kidneys and livers of quail in their diets but can safely feed on muscles as they accumulate low percentage of the toxic cadmium.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
65
70
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28601_a0be122d40ab4251bd9b3825a0f7c1c1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28601
Strawberry Plug Transplant Production in Trays: The Influence of Genotype, Initial Ramet Size and Substrate
Fouad
Mohamed
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Elwan
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Khalid
Abd El-Hamed
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Abdel-Salam
Vegetable Breeding Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Abd Allah
El-Deeb
Vegetable Breeding Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
The present study was conducted during the period 2014-2016 at the greenhouse facilities of the Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University.The experiment tested the effects of growing three daughter plants (ramets) sizes based on crown diameter (large > 7 mm, medium 5-7 mm and small < 5 mm) in combination with three medium types (M1, coco peat + vermiculite + perlite; M2, coco peat + rice hull + sawdust; M3, coco peat + rice hull + rice straw in 1:1:1 v/v) on plug transplant growth in container (84-cell foam trays) of three strawberry cultivars. Results of the main effect of the initial ramet size indicated positive effects of large ramet on obtaining better plug plant vegetative and rooting characteristics than medium or small size ramets. Results of the main effect of medium types showed that both M1 and M2 produced plug plants with better leaf petiole length, leaf fresh weight (FW) and Dry weight (DW) and crown diameter than M3, but root dry mass was not affected by medium types. Plug transplant grown on M3 had better contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids in their leaves than those on M1 or M2. Nutrient analysis of plug plant leaves indicated that plug plants grown on M1 had more P, K, Fe and Cu, and those on M2 had more N, Ca and Mn, while plug plants derived from M3 had more Mg and Zn. Results also indicated that plug transplants were not different in some vegetative and rooting characters among the different strawberry cultivars, especially in number of leaves per transplant, leaves FW and DW, crown DW and root DW, while root length was better in transplants of cv. 'Festival' than 'Tudla' and 'Sweet Charlie'. Leaves of plug plants in cv. 'Tudla' recorded higher chlorophyll and carotenoids than 'Festival' and 'Sweet Charlie' and also had more N, P, and K contents. Generally results indicated that optimum plug transplant production and growth was obtained by the culture of large size ramets in trays filled with any of the tested medium types and cultivars. These results indicated the possibility of producing large number of strawberry plug transplants in Egypt using soilless, suspended growing system as alternative to their production in field nursery to avoid the hazardous effects of soil fumigation and pesticide use.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
71
80
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28607_ed2be33bccff3205008fb297cb9fcc8b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28607
Effect of Priming with Chitosan Nanoparticles on Germination, Seedling Growth and Antioxidant Enzymes of Broad Beans
Heba
Abdel-Aziz
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
This study investigated the effect of two different concentrations (0.05% and 0.1%) of chitosan nano-particles (CsNPs) as priming solutions (for 6 h) of Vicia faba seeds cv. Sakha 1, followed by germination and subsequent growth of seedlings for seven days. Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared using methacrylic acid and showed a mean size of 20 ± 2 nm. Both concentrations of chitosan nanoparticles caused deleterious effects on germination and seedling growth criteria. Germination was greatly reduced in both concentrations as compared to control (distilled water). The magnitude of decrease was much pronounced with the higher concentration of chitosan nanoparticles (0.1%). On the other hand, the lower concentration of CsNPs (0.05%) increased the content of total phenols and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase) as compared with those of the control seedlings. This might indicate that the relatively low concentration of chitosan nanoparticles enhanced the defense system of seeds by increasing total phenols and antioxidant enzyme activities.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
81
86
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28609_fc50f75948cc11dde739c2430d87c8eb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28609
Environmental Impact of The Use of Some Eco-friendly Natural Fungicides to Resist Rust Disease in Wheat
Shreen
Ahmed
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
author
Gehan
Abd El-Aziz
Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Abou-Zeid
Wheat Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Resarch Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
author
Ashraf
Fahmy
Plant Genetic Transformation Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Leaf rust disease of wheat, caused by Puccinia triticina, is one of the most severe fungal diseases on wheat leaves and it causes severe yield losses in Egypt. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of some eco-friendly materials like waste agriculture extracts in order to reduce uses of chemical fungicides and to maintain sustainable development. Three experiments were conducted in the Laboratory, Greenhouse and Field. Neem cake, orange peels and rice straw were used to obtain eco-friendlynaturalfungicides while Sumi-8 was used as a chemical fungicide and as a control. Three species from wheat cultivars, T.S.S, Morocco and Misr1 were used. Eco-friendlynaturalfungicides were applied as soak, foliar and applied together at the same time. Greenhouse and field experiments data showed that all natural extracts inhibited spore germination. Maximum inhibition reached to 100% by using neem cake and rice straw extracts followed with orange peels extract. In field experiments data showed that wheat yield was the highest using neem extract as soak + foliar application. The increase in wheat yield reached to 41.3% compared to Sumi-8 fungicide as healthy control. Also the results showed an increase in the percentage of carbohydrates, proteins, and wheat gluten, which is one of the main characteristics of the wheat quality. In conclusion these extracts can be used instead of chemical fungicide to cost effective, use safe and non-polluting environment.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
87
95
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28611_a75e70c4e1df04b11f9c8d9882482836.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28611
Effect of Sandy Soil Amendment with Filter Mud Cake on Growth and Some EcoPhysiological Parameters of Daucus carota and Beta vulgaris Plants
Noha
El-Tayeh
Botany Department, Faculty of Science (Qena), South Valley University, Egypt
author
Fawzy
Salama
Botany Department, Faculty of Science (Assuit), Assuit University, Egypt
author
Naglaa
Loutfy
Botany Department, Faculty of Science (Qena), South Valley University, Egypt
author
Mona
Abou Alhamd
Botany Department, Faculty of Science (Qena), South Valley University, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Sand culture technique was employed to investigate the effect of filter mud cake (FMC) from Qus sugarcane factory as fertilizer on water content, dry matter, chlorophylls content and some carbon and nitrogen metabolites in carrot (Daucus carota) and beet (Beta vulgaris) plants. The investigations were carried out under natural conditions using the FMC of Qus sugarcane factory at Qena governorate. The FMC was mixed with sand soil at three levels: 10%, 30% and 50%. The sand soil was used without FMC as control. Results revealed that the amendment of soil with FMC slightly reduced pH of soil and increased electric conductivity (EC), organic matter (O.M), total nitrogen and organic carbon (O.C) with increasing the FMC level. Dry mass and water content of both tested plants increased significantly by FMC treatment as comparing with control plants. The investigated plants grown on soil amended with FMC levels showed highly significant increase in both chlorophylls content a and b than in control plants in both experimental plants. Whereas chlorophyll a/b ratio and proline content was decreased signifi-cantly. Results indicated also that the soluble sugars, proteins and total amino acids were increased significantly by FMC application in both experimental plants comparing with those grown in unlamented soil. It can be concluded that application of FMC as fertilizer improved the physico-chemical properties of the reclaimed soil to be more suitable for cultivation.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
97
103
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28613_3cd6e520f1f8d30fb51dd3e02f5aa5b3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28613
Age and Growth of Epinephelus fasciatus from northern Red Sea
Mohammed
Abozeid
Marine biology department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
author
Ashraf
Ahmed
Marine Science Department Faculty of Science Suez Canal University
author
Magdy
Alwany
Marine Science Department Faculty of Science Suez Canal University
author
Mohsen
El-Sherbiny
Marine Science Department Faculty of Science Suez Canal University
author
Belal
Saleh
Marine biology department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
author
text
article
2019
eng
Age and Growth of the fish Epinephelus fasciatus (n=443) from Northern Red Sea were investigated, during the period from June 2006 to May 2007. The t-test analysis for the length-weight relationships showed a significant difference between b values, where male are positive allometric while female and sexes combined are isometric. The "Kc" and (Kn) factor was studied monthly and according to size classes, where females usually outnumbered males. The total average of Kc for sexes combined was 1.428 (SE.± 0.4134), this value is indication of a good condition. The value for both Kc and Kn increased in line with increased fish size until the size 31.4, and then decreased in value. On the other hand, both condition factors showed fluctuations among months, where the lowest value was recorded during August (within spawning season). The back calculation method was used to determine the age and growth for E. fasciatus. According to Bhattacharya method eight age group were verified growth parameters L∞=36.75 cm (TL), K= 0.35 year -1 and t0= -0.41121 were derived from Ford and Walford method. The highest range of growth recorded in the first year as it grows about 14.32 cm. Then the rate of growth either slowed down slightly or get closer to being steady.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
105
115
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28620_a789f3342da9dc6244efe594833804d1.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28620
Species Diversity and Seasonal Population Dynamics of Terrestrial Insects in Saluga and Ghazal Protected Area, Aswan, Egypt
Hoda
Abdel-wahab
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Egypt
author
Atef
Abdel-kader
Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Egypt
author
Rahma
Yousef
Nature Conservation Sector, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Species diversity, relative abundance and population trends of terrestrial insects were studied in Saluga and Ghazal protected area, Aswan, Egypt for the first time during one year from November 2015 to October 2016. Three different methods of survey (aerial net trap, pitfall trap and yellow sticky trap) were used in different nine sites including all habitats in the area, sandy, rocky, vegetated and aquatic area. A total of 15151 individuals of 78 species belonging to 43 families from 11 orders were recorded using the previous three methods. The net trap collected 62 species from 59 genera belonging to 32 families in 11 orders among them Lepidoptera was the most abundant order followed by Hymenoptera and Odonata and pitfall traps collected 9 species belonging to 9 genera from 4 families and 3 orders, Hymenoptera and Coleoptera were the most abundant orders, while yellow sticky traps collected 10 species belonging to 10 genera, 9 families and 5 orders, Hemiptera and Coleoptera were the most abundant orders. The study indicated that the net trap was the most effective method for monitoring the largest number of orders, families and species and the highest population number was recorded in site 3, while the lowest number was in site (9). The relation between ecological factors and abundance of the most dominant species is discussed.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
117
123
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28621_03775080797ed49f4666f4ef2f27102e.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28621
Ameliorating Effect of Silicon on Growth Vigor, Physiological and biochemical Traits of Salinized Canola Seedlings (Brassica napus L.)
Rasha
El-Shazoly
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, 72511, Al-Kharja, New Valley, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
In the present study the ameliorating effects of Si nutrition supplied as 1 mmol L−1 sodium silicate were proved on the seedling growth of canola (Brassica napus L.) seedlings under salinity stress (i.e. 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mmol L−1sodium chloride). Salinity obviously disrupted cellular homeostasis, something was evident in the decreased percent of scavenging HO-free radical and Metal chelating %, and hence reduction in photosynthetic pigments contents (chl.a and carotenoids). Silicon nutrition, however, enabled canola cells to balance between the steady-state levels of different ROS through improving the detoxification of the excess ROS. This was prevalent in higher scavenging percent of HO- and metal chelating. In addition, Si maintained membranes integrity through improved levels of lipid peroxidation inhibition %. Si buffered oxidative stress through sustaining the enzymatic and non-enzymatic scavenging capacity of reactive oxygen species in salt-stressed plants. Enzymatic antioxidants such as (CAT, SOD, APX, and POS) activities as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants such as carotenoids contents phenolics contents increased at 120 mmol L−1 sodium chloride. Thus, silicon nutrition alleviated the deleterious effects of salinity on the growth of canola plants through increased reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity (enzymatically and non-enzymatically), maintaining the membrane integrity of seedling cells as evidenced by raising the reducing power contents, sustained higher levels of chlorophyll. Consequently, enhance seedlings growth observations.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
125
137
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28622_205158095470f609687ac59a11deb551.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28622
Immobilization of Cellulases Produced by Penicillium brevicompactum AUMC 10987, using Cross-Linkage, Chitosan-Coating and Encapsulation
Mohamed
Abdel-Sater
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
author
Nemmat
Hussein
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
author
Nashwa
Fetyan
Microbiology Department, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Sabreen
Gad
Microbiology Department, Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center,
Shandaweel Research Station, Sohag, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
This study was designed to optimize different conditions for improving enzyme production by Penicillium brevicompactum AUMC 10987, and to precipitate and immobilize cellulases by cross-linking method using glutaraldehyde, magnetic nanocarriers and encapsulation using Ca-alginate. Maximum activity of cellulase was achieved in medium containing date palm leaves, sodium nitrate, after 9 days incubation at 30°C and pH 6. Solid state fermentation was more convenient method in cellulase production. After ammonium sulphate precipitation, enzyme activities exceeded two-folded, constructing more stability for the enzyme structure and giving maximum activities at 50℃ and pH 4.8. Hence, precipitated enzyme could work in higher temperature and acidity conditions. The immobilization of cellulases by encapsulation was the most valuable technique retaining the activity of enzyme. Moreover, the immobilized enzyme remained active up to 80°C, giving its maximum activity at 50°C and pH 5.5. Enzyme encapsulated within alginate beads is preferred due to easy for formulation, mild gelation conditions, non-toxic, biocompatibility, low cost and resistance to microbial attack. Magnetic nannocariers immobilized enzyme had opportunity to be reused after 4 cycles/16 hours. The current study could provide a robust and highly valuable immobilized enzyme for different industrial and biotechnological applications.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
139
149
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28624_3953eeee8491c705177776612dfcbb97.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28624
Abundance of the groupers fish (Teleostei: Serranidae) along Gulf of Aqaba
Mohammed
Abozeid
Marine biology department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
author
Belal
Saleh
Marine biology department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University
author
Ashraf
Ahmed
Marine Science Department Faculty of Science Suez Canal University
author
Magdy
Alwany
Marine Science Department Faculty of Science Suez Canal University
author
Mohsen
El-Sherbiny
Marine Science Department Faculty of Science Suez Canal University
author
text
article
2019
eng
The groupers abundance was studied in sixteen stations representing four sites along the Gulf of Aqaba. Sixteen species belonging to five genera of groupers were recorded across the four sites. The mean abundance of all groupers species in Ras Mohamed NP and Sharm El Sheikh City were found to be higher than that of Nabq and Abu Galum MRPA. The highest abundance of groupers were recorded in Ras Nasrani (76 SE±2.08) and Ras Um Sid (71 SE±2.0). There was no significant difference of groupers abundance between depths of 5 m and 15m in all of the studied sites. Based on their ecological behavior, groupers were divided into separate groups, and abundance was investigated for each group. Abundance of the cryptic and roving groupers was higher than that of the large mobile groupers, in all of the studied sites. While cryptic and roving grouper included both abundance and rare species, large mobile groupers species were all rare. The pattern of occurrence for the three different groups was repeated in all sites, except for Abu Galum MRPA where no large mobile grouper was recorded, probably due to over fishing. Diversity of groupers in all of the studied sites increased with the increase of abundance.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
151
160
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28627_cabb7e0ae117eab2648f2c6d4276be38.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28627
Green Inhibitor as Antibacteria and Antiscaling in Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plants
Samia
Hamdona
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
author
Abdel Hameed
El-Aassar
Water Treatment & Desalination Unit, Desert Research Center, El-Matariya, Egypt
author
Hassan
Ibrahim
Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Egypt
author
Abd El Monaem
Ahmed
National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Alexandria, Egypt
author
text
article
2019
eng
Today, reverse osmosis membranes are the leading technology for new desalination installations, however, a challenge facing widespread application of RO technology is membrane fouling. In the present study, we used an environmentally friendly green inhibitor as anti-scaling and anti-biofouling in reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants. The influence of Sargassum sp., Corallina mediterranea, and Avicennia marina on RO membrane mineral scaling was evaluated using gypsum as a model scalant. Antibacterial properties for three marine extracts from Sargassum sp., C. mediterranea, and Avicennia marina were investigated with Gram-positive bacteria (ArthrobactersulfureusYACS14, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (VibrioanguillarumMVM425, Escherichia coli). The antimicrobial results were detected for the two selected extracts as the most potent extracts (ethyl acetate, methanol crude extracts of the Avicennia marina leaves). Data showed that ratios of 3 and 5% recorded the highest suppression percentages (100%) for all tested bacteria including bacterial community collected from Eastern Harbor. On the other side, data confirmed that the anti-scalant properties by 100 ppm of Avicennia marina leave extract giving 85% of scale inhibition. The effect of Avicennia marina leaves extract for calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) scaling on selected reverse osmosis (RO) membrane surfaces was investigated. The effect of different concentrations of Avicennia marina leaves extract was observed in the extent of surface scale coverage and surface crystal size among the membrane studied.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
161
168
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28631_97d7708cb97cf98c49fb5c2f869d0984.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28631
Biodegradation of Some Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Fungi Isolated from Gulf of Suez
Metwally
Kottb
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University
author
Nadia
El-Agroudy
Marine chemistry Lab., Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez Branch
author
Abd-Allah
Ali
Marine Science Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University
author
Mohamed
Hamed
Marine chemistry Lab., Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez Branch.
author
Heba
Ezz El-Din
Marine chemistry Lab., Environment Division, National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Suez Branch.
author
text
article
2019
eng
Petroleum hydrocarbons are one of the main pollutants which affected directly on the Gulf of Suez environment due to petroleum products deliveries and production as well as fuel combustion emissions from shipping activities and refineries. There are several Methods for treatment of hydrocarbons such as physical, mechanical, chemical and biological methods. Broth media containing ACF (accommodated fraction), WSF (water soluble fractions) or anthracene were used separately as a sole carbon source. 17 fungal species were isolated from water and sediment of three selected stations (Port-Tawfik, El-Ziaytia and Attaka), then screened in each substrate. Capillary gas chromatography (CGC) analysis used to chemically profiling each substrate after inoculation. Our results showed that, Aspergillus flavus was the most effective of degradation ACF reach to (98.79 %). In case of WSF the isolate Penicillium chrysogenium was the highest percentage of degradation (98.53 %). Anthracene degradation after 2 weeks recorded (56.08 %) by using Cladosporium sp. In conclusion, the Gulf of Suez contain several promising fungal species that could be used in biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons as a save alternatives in marine ecosystem.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
169
175
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_28632_e918893cd94e1f558dedd85021f963c0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.28632
Pharmaceutically active secondary metabolites of newly isolated actinobacteria from two Cameroonian soils
Steve
Toukam
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon
author
Albert
Ngakou
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon
author
Samira
Mansour
Faculty of science, Suez CanalUniversity,Ismailia
author
text
article
2019
eng
Clinical infectious diseases are a major public health concerns worldwide, particularly in developing countries, where access to health care is extremely limited. In a context of increased development of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms, extensive research efforts, to explore novel antimicrobial from newly isolated organisms, are in need. Therefore, our study was carried out to isolate actinobacteria, for the first time, from two different soils collected from Cameroon. Fifty-eight out of 81 isolates of actinobacteria showed antimicrobial activity against human pathogens based on agar disc overlay bioassay. Meanwhile, the excreted metabolites of these actinobacteria were also tested for antimicrobial activity using agar disc diffusion test. Nine Gram-positive and negative human bacterial pathogens were used. One fungal pathogen was also tested. Our results showed that the most active actinobacterial isolates are belonging to the genera: Microtetraspora sp. (CSU3), Nocardiopsis sp. (CSU5), Streptomyces sp. (PSP3, PSU28 and PSU30), and Micromonospora sp. (CSD50). Streptomyces sp. and Actinomadura sp. isolates were the most dominant genera producing potent antimicrobial secondary metabolites, indicating that Streptomycetes-phenotype isolates are providing high quality metabolites for drug discovery purposes. Natural occurring biochemical compounds excreted in liquid media were also tested and proved the presence of alkaloids and tannins compounds.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
1687-5052
18
v.
1
no.
2019
177
187
https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_27395_6fefa4b8d39536c2424f8b733be12b2c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/cat.2019.27395