Diversity of Four Lupinus L. Taxa Based on Seed Protein Electrophoresis and Amino Acid Profile
Ream
Marzouk
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science,
Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
author
Salama
El-Darier
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
The aim of the present study is to evaluate diversity among three Lupinus species (Lupinus albus L.,
Lupinus angustifolius L., and Lupinus digitatus Forssk.) using seed protein electrophoresis and amino
acid composition in order to elucidate the taxonomic relationships among them. In addition, to compare
the L. albus var. albus with closely related wild relatives in a trial to attain information useful for
breeding programs. The overall pattern of seed proteins and amino acid composition within the same
species revealed that there is a considerable variation along with the geographical region. The percentage
of polymorphism for all the studied taxa was 26% and a total of 18 bands are detected within the studied
Lupinus taxa, which are characterized by 4 common bands at 38, 36, 20 and 14.4 KDa. The dendrogram
constructed from different concentrations of amino acid in the studied Lupinus species, demonstrated that
the four studied taxa are not fully discriminated even at both different similarity coefficients and different
types of sorting. By using seed protein electrophoresis, the L. albus var. albus (L. albus cultivar) is
assembled with the wild L. albus below the same group. But at the same time the cultivar showed
considerable degree of variability from the wild species and separated alone by using both data from seed
proteins and amino acid compositions. The cultivar is characterized with both low degree of
polymorphism and deficiency in arginine, leucine and methionine which are considered from the vital
important amino acids. Contrary, both L. albus and L. angustifolius have considerable amounts of these
amino acids.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
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https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18523_7d5324c8e63fb37f5a4408d329769258.pdf
Effect of Carbon Disulfide (CS2) Emission by Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana on Microbial Population in the Rhizoshpere
Mohamed
Zaghloul
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Raafat
Abd El-Wahab
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
author
Samira
Mansour
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Roots of Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana seedlings were proved to emit carbon disulfide (CS2); a low
molecular weight, volatile, highly flammable, sulfur-containing molecule with bacteriostatic, fungicidal,
nematicidal and insecticidal properties that has inhibition influence on microbial communities in the
rhizosphere of A. tortilis seedlings. Total count of bacterial cells, colony forming unites (CFU) of
actinomycetes and population of nitrifying bacteria around roots of A. tortilis seedlings grown on
different soil types, were dramatically inhibited compared to the control. Inhibition by CS2 was
represented by reduction percentage of bacterial count which reached its maximum value (99.8%) by the
end of the experiment (eight weeks after transplanting seedlings) on sandy-loam soil. However, with
nitrifying bacteria highly significant inhibition was recorded at six weeks with 96.1%. Loamy-sand soil
significantly recorded less reduction percentage of nitrifying bacteria that reached the peak by the end of
six week with 80.0%. Inhibition of CFU of actinomycetes was significantly less in compare to other
organisms in different tested soils. Sandy soil was less affected by CS2 emission and showed temporary
growth inhibition. Growth recovery of actinomycetes was observed after six weeks of transplanting.
Growth of A. tortilis significantly varied with soil type and showed the best growth in loamy-sand soil.
Sandy soil showed promising growth rate even it was significantly less than other soil types. The
obtained results suggest that CS2 production is regulated by plant growth which is in turn affected by soil
chemical and physical characteristics. The study recommends that Acacia tortilis subsp. raddian plants
may have an agronomic use in crop rotations or intercropping because root-produced CS2 may act as a
deterrent to soil pathogens.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
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https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18524_d0a018deed68cc9296554e4b2e3b31eb.pdf
Condition Assessment of Plant Diversity of Gebel Maghara, North Sinai, Egypt
Raafat
Abd El-Wahab
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
Science Department, Faculty of Basic Education, Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Adailiya 73251, Kuwait
author
text
article
2008
eng
The present study aimed to assess plant diversity and vegetation structure of Gebel Maghara at different
habitats. Floristic changes with emphasis on medicinal plants and human impacts are also considered.
Twenty five sites representing different localities and habitats of Gebel Maghara were surveyed for
vegetation measurements, soil sampling, and human activities description. Different diversity indices
were measured, and multivariate analyses were carried out using TWINSPAN for classification and
CANOCO for ordination. Soil physical and chemical properties were analyzed in 40 surface soil samples.
The results revealed that Maghara area is characterized by high and unique plant diversity. One hundred
and ten species are recorded in Maghara area including 70 medicinal species. W. Maghara and W.
Aroseya are richer in medicinal plants than other localities. Seven main vegetation groups are recognized
in the area. The dominant species in these groups are Anabasis articulata, Juniperus phoenicea, Zilla
spinosa, Zygophyllum dumosum, Retama raetam, Artemisia monosperma, and Acacia pachyceras var.
najdensis. The vegetation group dominated by Juniperus phoenicea is more diverse than the others. Sand
and clay fractions, total carbonate and pH are the main soil conditions controlling the distribution of plant
communities in the area. Gorges and slopes are the most diverse habitats. Beta diversity between
previous (1960) and current (2005) surveys reflects a large floristic change. About 121 species previously
recorded since 1960 are not recognized in the current survey and many of them may be lost. In addition
to aridity conditions, human impacts including mining and quarrying, over collection of vegetation for
different purposes, and cultivation are considered the main threats of plant diversity in the area. The
study recommends that action plans to protect the Maghara’s plant diversity should be based on
improved knowledge of the biodiversity, empowering local people to become more involved in decision
making, improvements in local and national governance, and more effective operational mechanisms for
implementing protection of plant diversity at identified hotspots rich in medicinal and/or endangered
species.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
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https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18525_9aea9bbafce1c95b81ab4f76bd42b4ce.pdf
Effect of Invasion by Exotic Acacia saligna (Labill.) H. Wendl. on Native Species Diversity Across an Aridity Gradient Along the Coastal Mediterranean Dunes of Sinai Peninsula
Magdy
El-Bana
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Exotic plant invasions represent a threat to natural and conserved ecosystems. In this study, the effect of
the invasive exotic Acacia saligna on native floristic diversity was evaluated at Zaranik and Ahrash
Protectorates that representing arid and semi-arid climate, respectively along the Mediterranean dunes of
Sinai. At each site, 35 plots were randomly established. The community attributes of native species
including species number, species richness, species evenness and dominance–diversity curves were
measured and compared between invaded and uninvaded patches. Results showed that all the measured
community attributes were significantly lower in the invaded than uninvaded patches at both sites. In
addition, the dominance–diversity curves indicated that invaded patches had less species richness with
monospecific communities. Furthermore, the effect of A. saligna on the native flora is dependent on its
canopy size and the aridity. Larger canopy at the arid site has negatively greater impact on the diversity
of native species. The vitality survey showed that the leaf litter accumulation of A. saligna has a
detrimental effect on the health of the native dominant Artemisia monosperma shrubs in the adjacent
uninvaded patches. Markedly, the present study indicates that A. saligna has a potential threat to the
native plant diversity within the two Mediterranean conservation protectorates. Restoration options to
reduce exotic A. saligna plants in the North Sinai sand dunes were found to be the introduction and
management of native sand trapping plant species.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
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https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18526_767ddbf02137b1fb6ab76803c6d12914.pdf
Development of Algal Biofilters for the Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution From Industrial Wastewater
Yahia
Azab
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
author
Wael
Ibrahim
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
author
M.
Hussien
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Ten algal strains; six blue greens, three greens and one diatom were used to build up twenty types of
small laboratory-scale biofilters. Algal strains were inoculated on four carriers (sand, silt, cotton and
sponge). Biofilters were used to bioremove different heavy metals from highly toxic industrial effluents
from the Egyptian industry. Cotton and sponge biofilters proved to be better candidates to remove all
tested heavy metals than sand and silt ones. Moreover, toxicity assessment of raw and filter-treated
effluents using standard test alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata showed that the cotton followed by
sponge algal filters were the highest efficient biofilters capable to reduce effluent toxicity than sand and
silt biofilters. Thus algal biofilters offer an economically feasible technology for efficient removal and
recovery of metals from industrial wastewater.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
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https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18527_05fba536e98cf951255069be66da3636.pdf
Is Soil Science Dead and Buried? Future Image in the World of 10 Billion People
El-Sayed
Omran
Soil and Water Department, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
Is there a future for soil science? Yes, of course there is. The visions and images of soil science are
changing. Human demand for environmental resources is quickly growing around the world. Food
production must increase to meet the needs of an additional 3.5 billion people over the next 40 years.
Population facing water scarcity will be doubled over the next 40 years. Land degradation and
desertification problems, land use issues, global climate change, air and water quality, for example, are
connected to soil. This incomplete list identifies a number of major challenges which are sufficient for
any soil scientist to be interested in them. The aim of this vision paper is to through the light on the future
image of soil science. The future image is not so bright if it is business as usual of traditional soil science.
It is necessary to re-looking for the role of soil science in the society. Soil science plays an important role
in detecting and solving environmental problems. In order to do so, and to successfully address these
challenges, soil scientists will need to effectively participate in interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary
studies without losing their own roots and identities. I do foresee the future of soil science if it is
integrated with other fields. If we need to maintain our identity as soil scientists, there is a suggestion for
a new type of soil science that is more holistic and in close relation with society needs.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
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https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18530_5f0f94c68701a79f2eb5c98eddd96ce1.pdf
Effect of Seed Inoculation with Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria on the Growth and Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivated in a Sandy Soil
Samy
Abd El-Azeem
Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
author
Taha
Mehana
Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
author
Ahmed
Shabayek
Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
A pot experiment was conducted in the greenhouse to evaluate the response of wheat (Triticum aestivum
var. Giza 168) to inoculation with 46 strains of free-living plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR)
isolated from the rhizospheric soils of six field crops in Suez Canal region, Egypt. The results showed
that growth and yield of the wheat were enhanced by seed inoculation with PGPR. Significant increases
in straw, grain and total (straw plus grain) yields were recorded with 35, 33 and 37 strains, respectively,
out of the tested isolates. These increases over the control ranged from 33.9 to 70.6% for straw yield,
from 26.5 to 57.3% for grain yield and from 27.6 to 64.5% for the total yield. The highest straw and grain
yields were obtained with the strain Micrococcus roseus SW1 which was isolated from the rhizospheric
soil of wheat. From the obtained results, it could be concluded that the use of the tested PGPR as
biofertilizers in a sandy soil increased the growth and yield of wheat under greenhouse conditions. These
PGPR are recommended for field evaluation before being generalized as biofertilizers.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
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https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18531_0465257c32e4e40a87e6481f8b902b43.pdf
Distribution, Abundance and Diversity of Wrasses (Family Labridae) Along Sharm El-Sheikh Coast, Red Sea
Magdy
Alwany
Department of Marine Science, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
text
article
2008
eng
This study examines the distribution, abundance and diversity of wrasse fishes (family Labridae) on reef
flat and reef slope along 70 km of Sharm El-Sheikh coast, Red Sea. The total number of species was 30
species belonging to 15 genera. The average number of species was higher on the reef slope than on the
reef flat, but individual numbers were higher on the reef flat than on the slope; (due to schooling of one
small fish of one species on reef flat, Klunzinger’s wrasse: Thalassoma rueppellii). This species was the
most abundant species (185.0 fish/600 m3), followed by the cleaner wrasse, Labroides dimidiatus (11.7
fish/600 m3). Over all sites, four species (Gomphosus coeruleus, L. dimidiatus, Pseudocheilinus
hexataenia and T. rueppellii) were recorded frequently and regularly. Generally, there was no clear
zonation preference in the distribution of wrasses: but some species (e.g. T. rueppellii) preferred the reef
flat habitat, others preferred the reef slope habitat (e.g. G. coeruleus and Larabicus quadrilineatus). The
other species have roved frequently in all zones, but most of them occur frequently on reef slope. Two
species only were found at inner reef flat in the study area, while the mid reef flat were dominated by 7
species, finally outer reef flat have 16 species of labrid fishes. All recorded species were found on the
reef slope. Both the invertebrate-feeder and omnivores were most abundant in the area of study. They
represented by 83.3 % of total fish population on Sharm El-Sheikh Reefs.
Catrina: The International Journal of Environmental Sciences
Egyptian Society for Environmental Sciences
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https://cat.journals.ekb.eg/article_18532_38947cbe3acadcc564ecd88796f26d55.pdf